USA - engelska - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

direct_rx - pravastatin sodium (unii: 3m8608uq61) (pravastatin - unii:kxo2kt9n0g) - therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate. 1.1 prevention of cardiovascular disease in hypercholesterolemic patients without clinically evident coronary heart disease (chd), pravastatin sodium tablets are indicated to: reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (mi). reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality with no increase in death from non-cardiovascular causes. in patients with clinically evident chd, pravastatin sodium tablets are indicated to: reduce the risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death. reduce the risk of mi. reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. reduce the risk of stroke and stroke/transient ischemic attack (tia). slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. 1.2 hyperlipidemia pravastatin sodium tablets are indicated: as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (total-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c), apolipoprotein b (apob), and triglyceride (tg) levels and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia (fredrickson types iia and iib). 1 as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with elevated serum tg levels (fredrickson type iv). for the treatment of patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia ( fredrickson type iii) who do not respond adequately to diet. as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hefh) in children and adolescent patients ages 8 years and older if after an adequate trial of diet the following findings are present: ldl-c remains ≥190 mg/dl or ldl-c remains ≥160 mg/dl and: there is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (cvd) or two or more other cvd risk factors are present in the patient. 1.3 limitations of use pravastatin sodium tablets have not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons ( fredrickson types i and v). 4.1 hypersensitivity hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. 4.2 liver active liver disease or unexplained, persistent elevations of serum transaminases [see warnings and precautions (5.2)]. 4.3 pregnancy atherosclerosis is a chronic process and discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. cholesterol and other products of cholesterol biosynthesis are essential components for fetal development (including synthesis of steroids and cell membranes). since statins decrease cholesterol synthesis and possibly the synthesis of other biologically active substances derived from cholesterol, they are contraindicated during pregnancy and in nursing mothers. pravastatin should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive and have been informed of the potential hazards. if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this class of drug, therapy should be discontinued immediately and the patient apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see use in specific populations (8.1, 8.3)]. 4.4 lactation pravastatin is present in human milk. because statins have the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require pravastatin sodium tablets treatment should not breastfeed their infants [see use in specific populations (8.2)]. 8.1 pregnancy risk summary pravastatin sodium tablets are contraindicated for use in pregnant woman because of the potential for fetal harm. as safety in pregnant women has not been established and there is no apparent benefit to therapy with pravastatin sodium tablets during pregnancy, pravastatin sodium tablets should be immediately discontinued as soon as pregnancy is recognized [see contraindications (4.3)]. limited published data on the use of pravastatin in pregnant women are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. in animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal malformations was seen in rabbits or rats exposed to 10 times to 120 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) of 80 mg/day. fetal skeletal abnormalities, offspring mortality, and developmental delays occurred when pregnant rats were administered 10 times to 12 times the mrhd during organogenesis to parturition [see data]. advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. data human data limited published data on pravastatin have not shown an increased risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. rare reports of congenital anomalies have been received following intrauterine exposure to other statins. in a review 2 of approximately 100 prospectively followed pregnancies in women exposed to simvastatin or lovastatin, the incidences of congenital anomalies, spontaneous abortions, and fetal deaths/stillbirths did not exceed what would be expected in the general population. the number of cases is adequate to exclude a ≥3- to 4-fold increase in congenital anomalies over the background incidence. in 89% of the prospectively followed pregnancies, drug treatment was initiated prior to pregnancy and was discontinued at some point in the first trimester when pregnancy was identified. animal data embryofetal and neonatal mortality was observed in rats given pravastatin during the period of organogenesis or during organogenesis continuing through weaning. in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 4, 20, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation days 7 through 17 (organogenesis) increased mortality of offspring and increased cervical rib skeletal anomalies were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, 10 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m 2). in other studies, no teratogenic effects were observed when pravastatin was dosed orally during organogenesis in rabbits (gestation days 6 through 18) up to 50 mg/kg/day or in rats (gestation days 7 through 17) up to 1000 mg/kg/day. exposures were 10 times (rabbit) or 120 times (rat) the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m 2). in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation day 17 through lactation day 21 (weaning), increased mortality of offspring and developmental delays were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, corresponding to 12 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd, based on body surface area (mg/m 2). in pregnant rats, pravastatin crosses the placenta and is found in fetal tissue at 30% of the maternal plasma levels following administration of a single dose of 20 mg/day orally on gestation day 18, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg daily based on body surface area (mg/m 2). in lactating rats, up to 7 times higher levels of pravastatin are present in the breast milk than in the maternal plasma, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg/day based on body surface area (mg/m 2). 8.2 lactation risk summary pravastatin use is contraindicated during breastfeeding [see contraindications (4.4)] . based on one lactation study in published literature, pravastatin is present in human milk. there is no available information on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with pravastatin sodium tablets. 8.3 females and males of reproductive potential contraception females pravastatin may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see use in specific populations (8.1)] . advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with pravastatin sodium tablets. 8.4 pediatric use the safety and effectiveness of pravastatin sodium tablets in children and adolescents from 8 to 18 years of age have been evaluated in a placebo-controlled study of 2 years duration. patients treated with pravastatin had an adverse experience profile generally similar to that of patients treated with placebo with influenza and headache commonly reported in both treatment groups. [see adverse reactions (6.4).] doses greater than 40 mg have not been studied in this population. children and adolescent females of childbearing potential should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on pravastatin therapy [see contraindications (4.3) and use in specific populations (8.1)]. for dosing information [see dosage and administration (2.4)]. double-blind, placebo-controlled pravastatin studies in children less than 8 years of age have not been conducted. 8.5 geriatric use two secondary prevention trials with pravastatin (care and lipid) included a total of 6593 subjects treated with pravastatin 40 mg for periods ranging up to 6 years. across these 2 studies, 36.1% of pravastatin subjects were aged 65 and older and 0.8% were aged 75 and older. the beneficial effect of pravastatin in elderly subjects in reducing cardiovascular events and in modifying lipid profiles was similar to that seen in younger subjects. the adverse event profile in the elderly was similar to that in the overall population. other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses to pravastatin between elderly and younger patients. mean pravastatin aucs are slightly (25% to 50%) higher in elderly subjects than in healthy young subjects, but mean maximum plasma concentration (c max), time to maximum plasma concentration (t max), and half-life (t ½) values are similar in both age groups and substantial accumulation of pravastatin would not be expected in the elderly [see clinical pharmacology (12.3)]. since advanced age (≥65 years) is a predisposing factor for myopathy, pravastatin sodium tablets should be prescribed with caution in the elderly [see warnings and precautions (5.1) and clinical pharmacology (12.3)]. 8.6 homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia pravastatin has not been evaluated in patients with rare homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. in this group of patients, it has been reported that statins are less effective because the patients lack functional ldl receptors.

USA - engelska - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

avpak - pravastatin sodium (unii: 3m8608uq61) (pravastatin - unii:kxo2kt9n0g) - therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate. in hypercholesterolemic patients without clinically evident coronary heart disease (chd), pravastatin sodium tablets are indicated to: - reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (mi). - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality with no increase in death from non-cardiovascular causes. in patients with clinically evident chd, pravastatin sodium is indicated to: - reduce the risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death. - reduce the risk of mi. - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of stroke and stroke/transient ischemic attack (tia). - slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. pravastatin sodium tablets are indicated: - as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (total-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c), apolipoprotein b (apob), and triglyceride (tg) levels and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia ( fredrickson types iia and iib). 1 - as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with elevated serum tg levels ( fredrickson type iv). - for the treatment of patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia ( fredrickson type iii) who do not respond adequately to diet. - as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hefh) in children and adolescent patients ages 8 years and older if after an adequate trial of diet the following findings are present: a. ldl-c remains ≥190 mg/dl orb. ldl-c remains ≥160 mg/dl and:        • there is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (cvd) or       •  two or more other cvd risk factors are present in the patient. a. ldl-c remains ≥190 mg/dl or        • there is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (cvd) or pravastatin sodium has not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons ( fredrickson types i and v). hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. active liver disease or unexplained, persistent elevations of serum transaminases [see warnings and precautions (5.3) ]. atherosclerosis is a chronic process and discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. cholesterol and other products of cholesterol biosynthesis are essential components for fetal development (including synthesis of steroids and cell membranes). since statins decrease cholesterol synthesis and possibly the synthesis of other biologically active substances derived from cholesterol, they are contraindicated during pregnancy and in nursing mothers. pravastatin should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive and have been informed of the potential hazards. if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this class of drug, therapy should be discontinued immediately and the patient apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see use in specific populations (8.1, 8.3) ]. pravastatin is present in human milk. because statins have the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require pravastatin sodium treatment should not breastfeed their infants [see use specific populations ( 8.2) ]. risk summary pravastatin sodium is contraindicated for use in pregnant woman because of the potential for fetal harm. as safety in pregnant women has not been established and there is no apparent benefit to therapy with pravastatin during pregnancy, pravastatin sodium tablets should be immediately discontinued as soon as pregnancy is recognized [see contraindications ( 4.3) ]. limited published data on the use of pravastatin sodium in pregnant women are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. in animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal malformations was seen in rabbits or rats exposed to 10 times to 120 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) of 80 mg/day. fetal skeletal abnormalities, offspring mortality, and developmental delays occurred when pregnant rats were administered 10 times to 12 times the mrhd during organogenesis to parturition [see data ]. advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. data human data limited published data on pravastatin have not shown an increased risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. rare reports of congenital anomalies have been received following intrauterine exposure to other statins. in a review 2 of approximately 100 prospectively followed pregnancies in women exposed to simvastatin or lovastatin, the incidences of congenital anomalies, spontaneous abortions, and fetal deaths/stillbirths did not exceed what would be expected in the general population. the number of cases is adequate to exclude a ≥3 to 4-fold increase in congenital anomalies over the background incidence. in 89% of the prospectively followed pregnancies, drug treatment was initiated prior to pregnancy and was discontinued at some point in the first trimester when pregnancy was identified. animal data embryofetal and neonatal mortality was observed in rats given pravastatin during the period of organogenesis or during organogenesis continuing through weaning. in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 4, 20, 100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg/day from gestation days 7 through 17 (organogenesis) increased mortality of offspring and increased cervical rib skeletal anomalies were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, 10 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m 2 ). in other studies, no teratogenic effects were observed when pravastatin was dosed orally during organogenesis in rabbits (gestation days 6 through 18) up to 50 mg/kg/day or in rats (gestation days 7 through 17) up to 1,000 mg/kg/day. exposures were 10 times (rabbit) or 120 times (rat) the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m 2 ). in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/kg/day from gestation day 17 through lactation day 21 (weaning), increased mortality of offspring and developmental delays were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, corresponding to 12 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd, based on body surface area (mg/m 2 ). in pregnant rats, pravastatin crosses the placenta and is found in fetal tissue at 30% of the maternal plasma levels following administration of a single dose of 20 mg/day orally on gestation day 18, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg daily based on body surface area (mg/m 2 ). in lactating rats, up to 7 times higher levels of pravastatin are present in the breast milk than in the maternal plasma, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg/day based on body surface area (mg/m 2 ). risk summary pravastatin use is contraindicated during breastfeeding [see contraindications (4.4) ]. based on one lactation study in published literature, pravastatin is present in human milk. there is no available information on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with pravastatin sodium tablets. contraception females pravastatin sodium tablets may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see use in specific populations ( 8.1) ]. advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with pravastatin sodium tablets. the safety and effectiveness of pravastatin sodium in children and adolescents from 8 to 18 years of age have been evaluated in a placebo-controlled study of 2 years duration. patients treated with pravastatin had an adverse experience profile generally similar to that of patients treated with placebo with influenza and headache commonly reported in both treatment groups [see adverse reactions (6.4) ]. doses greater than 40 mg have not been studied in this population. children and adolescent females of childbearing potential should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on pravastatin therapy [see contraindications (4.3) and use in specific populations (8.1) ]. for dosing information [see dosage and administration ( 2.4)]. double-blind, placebo-controlled pravastatin studies in children less than 8 years of age have not been conducted. two secondary prevention trials with pravastatin (care and lipid) included a total of 6593 subjects treated with pravastatin 40 mg for periods ranging up to 6 years. across these 2 studies, 36.1% of pravastatin subjects were aged 65 and older and 0.8% were aged 75 and older. the beneficial effect of pravastatin in elderly subjects in reducing cardiovascular events and in modifying lipid profiles was similar to that seen in younger subjects. the adverse event profile in the elderly was similar to that in the overall population. other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses to pravastatin between elderly and younger patients. mean pravastatin aucs are slightly (25% to 50%) higher in elderly subjects than in healthy young subjects, but mean maximum plasma concentration (c max ), time to maximum plasma concentration (t max ), and half-life (t ½ ) values are similar in both age groups and substantial accumulation of pravastatin would not be expected in the elderly [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. since advanced age (≥65 years) is a predisposing factor for myopathy, pravastatin sodium should be prescribed with caution in the elderly [see warnings and precautions (5.1) and clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. pravastatin has not been evaluated in patients with rare homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. in this group of patients, it has been reported that statins are less effective because the patients lack functional ldl receptors.

USA - engelska - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

bryant ranch prepack - pravastatin sodium (unii: 3m8608uq61) (pravastatin - unii:kxo2kt9n0g) - therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate. in hypercholesterolemic patients without clinically evident coronary heart disease (chd), pravastatin sodium is indicated to: - reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (mi). - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality with no increase in death from non-cardiovascular causes. in patients with clinically evident chd, pravastatin sodium is indicated to: - reduce the risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death. - reduce the risk of mi - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of stroke and stroke/transient ischemic attack (tia). - slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. pravastatin sodium is indicated: - as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (total-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c), apolipoprotein b (apob), and triglyceride (tg) levels and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia (fredrickson types iia and iib).1 - as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with elevated serum tg levels (fredrickson type iv). - for the treatment of patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (fredrickson type iii) who do not respond adequately to diet. - as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hefh) in children and adolescent patients ages 8 years and older if after an adequate trial of diet the following findings are present: a. ldl-c remains ≥190 mg/dl or b. ldl-c remains ≥160 mg/dl and: - there is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (cvd) or - two or more other cvd risk factors are present in the patient. pravastatin sodium has not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons (fredrickson types i and v). hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. active liver disease or unexplained, persistent elevations of serum transaminases [see warnings and precautions  (5.3) ]. atherosclerosis is a chronic process and discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. cholesterol and other products of cholesterol biosynthesis are essential components for fetal development (including synthesis of steroids and cell membranes). since statins decrease cholesterol synthesis and possibly the synthesis of other biologically active substances derived from cholesterol, they are contraindicated during pregnancy and in nursing mothers. pravastatin should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive and have been informed of the potential hazards. if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this class of drug, therapy should be discontinued immediately and the patient apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see use in specific populations (8.1,8.3) ]. pravastatin is present in human milk. because statins have the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require pravastatin sodium treatment should not breastfeed their infants [see use in specific populations (8.2) ]. risk summary pravastatin sodium is contraindicated for use in pregnant woman because of the potential for fetal harm. as safety in pregnant women has not been established and there is no apparent benefit to therapy with pravastatin sodium during pregnancy, pravastatin sodium should be immediately discontinued as soon as pregnancy is recognized [see contraindications (4.3) ]. limited published data on the use of pravastatin sodium in pregnant women are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. in animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal malformations was seen in rabbits or rats exposed to 10 times to 120 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) of 80 mg/day. fetal skeletal abnormalities, offspring mortality, and developmental delays occurred when pregnant rats were administered 10 times to 12 times the mrhd during organogenesis to parturition [see data ]. advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. data human data limited published data on pravastatin have not shown an increased risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. rare reports of congenital anomalies have been received following intrauterine exposure to other statins. in a review2 of approximately 100 prospectively followed pregnancies in women exposed to simvastatin or lovastatin, the incidences of congenital anomalies, spontaneous abortions, and fetal deaths/stillbirths did not exceed what would be expected in the general population. the number of cases is adequate to exclude a ≥3 to 4-fold increase in congenital anomalies over the background incidence. in 89% of the prospectively followed pregnancies, drug treatment was initiated prior to pregnancy and was discontinued at some point in the first trimester when pregnancy was identified. animal data embryofetal and neonatal mortality was observed in rats given pravastatin during the period of organogenesis or during organogenesis continuing through weaning. in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 4, 20, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation days 7 through 17 (organogenesis) increased mortality of offspring and increased cervical rib skeletal anomalies were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, 10 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in other studies, no teratogenic effects were observed when pravastatin was dosed orally during organogenesis in rabbits (gestation days 6 through 18) up to 50 mg/kg/day or in rats (gestation days 7 through 17) up to 1000 mg/kg/day. exposures were 10 times (rabbit) or 120 times (rat) the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation day 17 through lactation day 21 (weaning), increased mortality of offspring and developmental delays were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, corresponding to 12 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd, based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in pregnant rats, pravastatin crosses the placenta and is found in fetal tissue at 30% of the maternal plasma levels following administration of a single dose of 20 mg/day orally on gestation day 18, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg daily based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in lactating rats, up to 7 times higher levels of pravastatin are present in the breast milk than in the maternal plasma, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg/day based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). risk summary pravastatin use is contraindicated during breastfeeding [see contraindications (4.4) ]. based on one lactation study in published literature, pravastatin is present in human milk. there is no available information on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with pravastatin sodium. contraception females pravastatin sodium may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see use in specific populations (8.1) ]. advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with pravastatin sodium. the safety and effectiveness of pravastatin sodium in children and adolescents from 8 to 18 years of age have been evaluated in a placebo-controlled study of 2 years duration. patients treated with pravastatin had an adverse experience profile generally similar to that of patients treated with placebo with influenza and headache commonly reported in both treatment groups. [see adverse reactions (6.4) .] doses greater than 40 mg have not been studied in this population. children and adolescent females of childbearing potential should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on pravastatin therapy [see contraindications (4.3) and use in specific populations (8.1) ]. for dosing information [see dosage and administration (2.4) ]. double-blind, placebo-controlled pravastatin studies in children less than 8 years of age have not been conducted. two secondary prevention trials with pravastatin (care and lipid) included a total of 6593 subjects treated with pravastatin 40 mg for periods ranging up to 6 years. across these 2 studies, 36.1% of pravastatin subjects were aged 65 and older and 0.8% were aged 75 and older. the beneficial effect of pravastatin in elderly subjects in reducing cardiovascular events and in modifying lipid profiles was similar to that seen in younger subjects. the adverse event profile in the elderly was similar to that in the overall population. other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses to pravastatin between elderly and younger patients. mean pravastatin aucs are slightly (25%-50%) higher in elderly subjects than in healthy young subjects, but mean maximum plasma concentration (cmax ), time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax ), and half-life (t1/2 ) values are similar in both age groups and substantial accumulation of pravastatin would not be expected in the elderly [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. since advanced age (≥65 years) is a predisposing factor for myopathy, pravastatin sodium should be prescribed with caution in the elderly [see warnings and precautions (5.1) and clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. pravastatin has not been evaluated in patients with rare homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. in this group of patients, it has been reported that statins are less effective because the patients lack functional ldl receptors.

USA - engelska - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

bryant ranch prepack - pravastatin sodium (unii: 3m8608uq61) (pravastatin - unii:kxo2kt9n0g) - therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate. in hypercholesterolemic patients without clinically evident coronary heart disease (chd), pravastatin sodium is indicated to: - reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (mi). - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality with no increase in death from non-cardiovascular causes. in patients with clinically evident chd, pravastatin sodium is indicated to: - reduce the risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death. - reduce the risk of mi - reduce the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. - reduce the risk of stroke and stroke/transient ischemic attack (tia). - slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. pravastatin sodium is indicated: - as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (total-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c), apolipoprotein b (apob), and triglyceride (tg) levels and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia (fredrickson types iia and iib).1 - as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with elevated serum tg levels (fredrickson type iv). - for the treatment of patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (fredrickson type iii) who do not respond adequately to diet. - as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hefh) in children and adolescent patients ages 8 years and older if after an adequate trial of diet the following findings are present: a. ldl-c remains ≥190 mg/dl or b. ldl-c remains ≥160 mg/dl and: - there is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (cvd) or - two or more other cvd risk factors are present in the patient. pravastatin sodium has not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons (fredrickson types i and v). hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. active liver disease or unexplained, persistent elevations of serum transaminases [see warnings and precautions  (5.3) ]. atherosclerosis is a chronic process and discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. cholesterol and other products of cholesterol biosynthesis are essential components for fetal development (including synthesis of steroids and cell membranes). since statins decrease cholesterol synthesis and possibly the synthesis of other biologically active substances derived from cholesterol, they are contraindicated during pregnancy and in nursing mothers. pravastatin should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive and have been informed of the potential hazards. if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this class of drug, therapy should be discontinued immediately and the patient apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see use in specific populations (8.1,8.3) ]. pravastatin is present in human milk. because statins have the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require pravastatin sodium treatment should not breastfeed their infants [see use in specific populations (8.2) ]. risk summary pravastatin sodium is contraindicated for use in pregnant woman because of the potential for fetal harm. as safety in pregnant women has not been established and there is no apparent benefit to therapy with pravastatin sodium during pregnancy, pravastatin sodium should be immediately discontinued as soon as pregnancy is recognized [see contraindications (4.3) ]. limited published data on the use of pravastatin sodium in pregnant women are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. in animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal malformations was seen in rabbits or rats exposed to 10 times to 120 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) of 80 mg/day. fetal skeletal abnormalities, offspring mortality, and developmental delays occurred when pregnant rats were administered 10 times to 12 times the mrhd during organogenesis to parturition [see data ]. advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. data human data limited published data on pravastatin have not shown an increased risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. rare reports of congenital anomalies have been received following intrauterine exposure to other statins. in a review2 of approximately 100 prospectively followed pregnancies in women exposed to simvastatin or lovastatin, the incidences of congenital anomalies, spontaneous abortions, and fetal deaths/stillbirths did not exceed what would be expected in the general population. the number of cases is adequate to exclude a ≥3 to 4-fold increase in congenital anomalies over the background incidence. in 89% of the prospectively followed pregnancies, drug treatment was initiated prior to pregnancy and was discontinued at some point in the first trimester when pregnancy was identified. animal data embryofetal and neonatal mortality was observed in rats given pravastatin during the period of organogenesis or during organogenesis continuing through weaning. in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 4, 20, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation days 7 through 17 (organogenesis) increased mortality of offspring and increased cervical rib skeletal anomalies were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, 10 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in other studies, no teratogenic effects were observed when pravastatin was dosed orally during organogenesis in rabbits (gestation days 6 through 18) up to 50 mg/kg/day or in rats (gestation days 7 through 17) up to 1000 mg/kg/day. exposures were 10 times (rabbit) or 120 times (rat) the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in pregnant rats given oral gavage doses of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg/day from gestation day 17 through lactation day 21 (weaning), increased mortality of offspring and developmental delays were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day systemic exposure, corresponding to 12 times the human exposure at 80 mg/day mrhd, based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in pregnant rats, pravastatin crosses the placenta and is found in fetal tissue at 30% of the maternal plasma levels following administration of a single dose of 20 mg/day orally on gestation day 18, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg daily based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). in lactating rats, up to 7 times higher levels of pravastatin are present in the breast milk than in the maternal plasma, which corresponds to exposure 2 times the mrhd of 80 mg/day based on body surface area (mg/m2 ). risk summary pravastatin use is contraindicated during breastfeeding [see contraindications (4.4) ]. based on one lactation study in published literature, pravastatin is present in human milk. there is no available information on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with pravastatin sodium. contraception females pravastatin sodium may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see use in specific populations (8.1) ]. advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with pravastatin sodium. the safety and effectiveness of pravastatin sodium in children and adolescents from 8 to 18 years of age have been evaluated in a placebo-controlled study of 2 years duration. patients treated with pravastatin had an adverse experience profile generally similar to that of patients treated with placebo with influenza and headache commonly reported in both treatment groups. [see adverse reactions (6.4) .] doses greater than 40 mg have not been studied in this population. children and adolescent females of childbearing potential should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on pravastatin therapy [see contraindications (4.3) and use in specific populations (8.1) ]. for dosing information [see dosage and administration (2.4) ]. double-blind, placebo-controlled pravastatin studies in children less than 8 years of age have not been conducted. two secondary prevention trials with pravastatin (care and lipid) included a total of 6593 subjects treated with pravastatin 40 mg for periods ranging up to 6 years. across these 2 studies, 36.1% of pravastatin subjects were aged 65 and older and 0.8% were aged 75 and older. the beneficial effect of pravastatin in elderly subjects in reducing cardiovascular events and in modifying lipid profiles was similar to that seen in younger subjects. the adverse event profile in the elderly was similar to that in the overall population. other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses to pravastatin between elderly and younger patients. mean pravastatin aucs are slightly (25%-50%) higher in elderly subjects than in healthy young subjects, but mean maximum plasma concentration (cmax ), time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax ), and half-life (t1/2 ) values are similar in both age groups and substantial accumulation of pravastatin would not be expected in the elderly [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. since advanced age (≥65 years) is a predisposing factor for myopathy, pravastatin sodium should be prescribed with caution in the elderly [see warnings and precautions (5.1) and clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. pravastatin has not been evaluated in patients with rare homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. in this group of patients, it has been reported that statins are less effective because the patients lack functional ldl receptors.

Israel - engelska - Ministry of Health

bayer israel ltd - rivaroxaban micronized - film coated tablets - rivaroxaban micronized 15 mg - rivaroxaban - rivaroxaban - prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. treatment of deep vein thrombosis (dvt),and pulmonary embolism (pe), and prevention of recurrent dvt and pe in adults.paediatric populationtreatment of venous thromboembolism (vte) and prevention of vte recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing from 30 kg to 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment.

Israel - engelska - Ministry of Health

bayer israel ltd - rivaroxaban micronized - film coated tablets - rivaroxaban micronized 15 mg - rivaroxaban - rivaroxaban - prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. treatment of deep vein thrombosis (dvt),and pulmonary embolism (pe), and prevention of recurrent dvt and pe in adults.paediatric populationtreatment of venous thromboembolism (vte) and prevention of vte recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing from 30 kg to 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment.

Singapore - engelska - HSA (Health Sciences Authority)

viatris private limited - amlodipine besylate - tablet - 10 mg - amlodipine besylate 10 mg

Singapore - engelska - HSA (Health Sciences Authority)

viatris private limited - amlodipine besylate - tablet - 5 mg - amlodipine besylate 5 mg

Israel - engelska - Ministry of Health

eldan electronic instruments co ltd, israel - sodium iodide (131 i) - hard capsule - sodium iodide (131 i) 37 - 5550 mbq - sodium iodide (131i) - sodium iodide (131i) - theracap 131 is a radioiodine thyroid therapy indicated for:1.treatment of grave's disease, toxic multinodular goitre or autonomous nodules.2.treatmernt of papilary and follicular thyroid carcinoma including metastastic desease.

Israel - engelska - Ministry of Health

abic marketing ltd, israel - etoposide - concentrate for solution for infusion - etoposide 20 mg/ml - etoposide - etoposide - hodgkin's disease. malignant (non-hodgkin's) lymphomas, especially of the histiocytic variety.acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. management of refractory testicular tumors and of small cell lung cancer.