מדינה: מלזיה
שפה: אנגלית
מקור: NPRA (National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency, Bahagian Regulatori Farmasi Negara)
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE; AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Hovid Pharmacy Sdn. Bhd.
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE; AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
120 ml
HOVID BERHAD
PRESMEDIC EXPECTORANT Diphenhydramine HCl (14mg/5ml), Ammonium Chloride (135mg/5ml), Sodium Citrate Dihydrate (57mg/5ml) 1 _CONSUMER MEDICATION INFORMATION _ _LEAFLET (RIMUP)_ _CONSUMER MEDICATION INFORMATION _ _LEAFLET (RIMUP)_ WHAT IS IN THIS LEAFLET 1. What Presmedic Expectorant is used for 2. How Presmedic Expectorant works 3. Before you use Presmedic Expectorant 4. How to use Presmedic Expectorant 5. While you are using it 6. Side effects 7. Storage and Disposal of Presmedic Expectorant 8. Product Description 9. Manufacturer and Product Registration Holder 10. Date of revision 11. Serial number WHAT PRESMEDIC EXPECTORANT IS USED FOR Presmedic Expectorant is used as an expectorant for control of cough due to cold or allergy. HOW PRESMEDIC EXPECTORANT WORKS Diphenhydramine suppresses the cough reflex by a direct effect on the cough centre in the brain. It also works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. The action of antihistamine provides a drying effect in the nose lining. It diminished vestibular stimulation (the process of sending specific electric messages to a nerve in the ear that maintains balance) and depress labyrinthine function (hearing and balance). An action on the brain trigger zone may also be involved in the antiemetic (vomiting and nausea) effect. Ammonium Chloride has irritant action on the gastric lining and may contribute expectorant action (to loosen and clear mucus from the airways). Sodium Citrate when used together with Ammonium Chloride in oral preparation may enhance the expectorant action. BEFORE YOU USE PRESMEDIC EXPECTORANT - _When you must not use it _ This preparation should not be used in newborn or premature infants and in nursing mother. It should not be used to treat lower respiratory tract symptoms including asthma. It is also not to be used in cases of hypersensitivity to Diphenhydramine, other similar antihistamine or other ingredients listed at the end of this leaflet. Not to be used in children less than 2 קרא את המסמך השלם
VIEXPxx-0 DESCRIPTION Brown liquid with raspberry flavor COMPOSITION Each 5 ml contains: Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride 14.0 mg Ammonium Chloride 135.0 mg Sodium Citrate Dihydrate 57.0 mg PHARMACODYNAMICS DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Antihistaminic Diphenhydramine which is used in the treatment of allergy act by competing with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells. It thereby prevents, but do not reverse, responses mediated by histamine alone. The antimuscarinic actions of diphenhydramine provide a drying effect on the nasal mucosa. Antitussive Diphenhydramine suppresses the cough reflex by a direct effect on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. AMMONIUM CHLORIDE Expectorant The ammonium ion supposedly exerts an expectorant action. Its action is doubtful as to whether its irritant action on the gastric mucous membrane contributes to any expectorant action. SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE Expectorant Sodium citrate is used for its action in rendering mucous less viscous, hence a useful ingredient in expectorant. PHARMACOKINETICS ABSORPTION Diphenhydramine and sodium citrate is readily absorbed after oral administration. When taken orally, ammonium chloride is rapidly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. BLOOD CONCENTRATION After an oral dose of 50mg of the hydrochloride as a solution, plasma concentrations of 50 to 54ng/ml are attained at 1 hour; at 2 hours, the respective plasma concentrations are 64 to 70ng/ml. HALF-LIFE The plasma half-life after an oral dose of diphenhydramine is 13 to 21 hours. DISTRIBUTION 98% of diphenhydramine is bound to plasma proteins. METABOLIC REACTIONS Diphenhydramine is extensively metabolised. About 50% of an oral dose is metabolised in the liver before reaching the general circulation. Reactions include N-dealkylation and deamination. The ammonium ion (from ammonium chloride) is converted into urea in the liver; the anion thus liberated into the blood stream and extracellular fluids causes a metabolic acidosis and decreases the pH of the urine. Sodium citrate i קרא את המסמך השלם