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csl behring gmbh - human c1-esterase inhibitor (unii: 6kic4bb60g) (human c1-esterase inhibitor - unii:6kic4bb60g) - human c1-esterase inhibitor 2000 [iu] in 4 ml - haegarda is a plasma-derived concentrate of c1 esterase inhibitor (human) (c1-inh) indicated for routine prophylaxis to prevent hereditary angioedema (hae) attacks in patients 6 years of age and older. haegarda is contraindicated in individuals who have experienced life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, to c1-inh preparations or its excipients [see description (11)]. risk summary there are no prospective clinical data from haegarda use in pregnant women. c1-inh is a normal component of human plasma. animal developmental or reproduction toxicity studies have not been conducted with haegarda. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects occurs in 2-4% of the general population and miscarriage occurs in 15-20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. data in a retrospective case collection study, 22 pregnant women with type i hae and ranging in age from 20 to 38 years received c1-inh doses of 500 or 1000 iu per i.v. administration for the treatmen

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ethicon, inc - human thrombin (unii: 6k15abl77g) (human thrombin - unii:6k15abl77g) - human thrombin 2000 [iu] in 2 ml - evithrom® thrombin, topical (human), is indicated as an aid to hemostasis whenever oozing blood and minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules is accessible and control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques (such as suture, ligature or cautery) is ineffective or impractical. evithrom® thrombin, topical (human), may be used in conjunction with an absorbable gelatin sponge, usp. - do not use in individuals known to have an anaphylactic or severe systemic reaction to evithrom® or to human blood products. - do not use for the treatment of severe or brisk arterial bleeding. risk summary there are no data with evithrom® use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk. animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with evithrom® . it is not known whether evithrom® can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. evithrom® should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background

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sandoz inc - ampicillin sodium (unii: jfn36l5s8k) (ampicillin - unii:7c782967rd), sulbactam sodium (unii: dkq4t82ye6) (sulbactam - unii:s4tf6i2330) - ampicillin 1 g - ampicillin and sulbactam for injection is indicated for the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below. skin and skin structure infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli*, klebsiella spp.* (including k. pneumoniae* ), proteus mirabilis*, bacteroides fragilis*, enterobacter spp. *, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus*. note: for information on use in pediatric patients (see precautions - pediatric use and clinical studies sections). intra-abdominal infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp. (including k. pneumoniae*) , bacteroides spp. (including b. fragilis ), and enterobacter spp.* gynecological infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of escherichia coli*, and bacteroides spp.* (including b. fragilis* ). *efficacy for this organism in this organ system was studied in fewer than 10 infections. while ampicillin and s

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astrazeneca pharmaceuticals lp - dapagliflozin propanediol (unii: 887k2391vh) (dapagliflozin - unii:1ull0qj8uc), metformin hydrochloride (unii: 786z46389e) (metformin - unii:9100l32l2n) - dapagliflozin 10 mg - xigduo xr is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. dapagliflozin is indicated to reduce limitations of use xigduo xr is contraindicated in patients with: risk summary based on animal data showing adverse renal effects, xigduo xr is not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. limited data with xigduo xr or dapagliflozin in pregnant women are not sufficient to determine drug-associated risk for major birth defects or miscarriage. published studies with metformin use during pregnancy have not reported a clear association with metformin and major birth defect or miscarriage risk (see data) . there are risks to the mother and fetus associated with poorly controlled diabetes in pregnancy (see clinical considerations) . in animal studies, adverse renal pelvic and tubule dilatations, that were not fully reversible, were observed in rats when dapagliflozin was administered during a period of renal development corresponding to the late second and third trimesters of human pregnancy, at all doses tested; the lowest of which provided an exposure 15-times the 10 mg clinical dose (see data) . the estimated background risk of major birth defects is 6 to 10% in women with pre-gestational diabetes with a hba1c greater than 7% and has been reported to be as high as 20 to 25% in women with hba1c greater than 10%. the estimated background risk of miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. clinical considerations disease-associated maternal and/or embryofetal risk poorly controlled diabetes in pregnancy increases the maternal risk for diabetic ketoacidosis, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortions, preterm delivery and delivery complications. poorly controlled diabetes increases the fetal risk for major birth defects, stillbirth, and macrosomia related morbidity. data human data published data from post-marketing studies have not reported a clear association with metformin and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes when metformin was used during pregnancy. however, these studies cannot definitely establish the absence of any metformin-associated risk because of methodological limitations, including small sample size and inconsistent comparator groups. animal data dapagliflozin dapagliflozin dosed directly to juvenile rats from postnatal day (pnd) 21 until pnd 90 at doses of 1, 15, or 75 mg/kg/day, increased kidney weights and increased the incidence of renal pelvic and tubular dilatations at all dose levels. exposure at the lowest dose tested was 15-times the 10 mg clinical dose (based on auc). the renal pelvic and tubular dilatations observed in juvenile animals did not fully reverse within a 1-month recovery period. in a prenatal and postnatal development study, dapagliflozin was administered to maternal rats from gestation day 6 through lactation day 21 at doses of 1, 15, or 75 mg/kg/day, and pups were indirectly exposed in utero and throughout lactation. increased incidence or severity of renal pelvic dilatation was observed in 21-day-old pups offspring of treated dams at 75 mg/kg/day (maternal and pup dapagliflozin exposures were 1415-times and 137-times, respectively, the human values at the 10 mg clinical dose, based on auc). dose-related reductions in pup body weights were observed at greater or equal to 29-times the 10 mg clinical dose (based on auc). no adverse effects on developmental endpoints were noted at 1 mg/kg/day (19-times the 10 mg clinical dose, based on auc). these outcomes occurred with drug exposure during periods of renal development in rats that corresponds to the late second and third trimester of human development. in embryofetal development studies in rats and rabbits, dapagliflozin was administered throughout organogenesis, corresponding to the first trimester of human pregnancy. in rats, dapagliflozin was neither embryolethal nor teratogenic at doses up to 75 mg/kg/day (1441-times the 10 mg clinical dose, based on auc). dose related effects on the rat fetus (structural abnormalities and reduced body weight) occurred only at higher dosages, equal to or greater than 150 mg/kg (more than 2344-times the 10 mg clinical dose, based on auc), which were associated with maternal toxicity. no developmental toxicities were observed in rabbits at doses up to 180 mg/kg/day (1191-times the 10 mg clinical dose, based on auc). metformin hcl metformin hcl did not cause adverse developmental effects when administered to pregnant sprague dawley rats and rabbits up to 600 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis. this represents an exposure of about 2- and 6-times a 2000 mg clinical dose based on body surface area (mg/m2 ) for rats and rabbits, respectively. determination of fetal concentrations demonstrated a partial placental barrier to metformin. risk summary there is no information regarding the presence of xigduo xr or dapagliflozin in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. limited published studies report that metformin is present in human milk (see data) . however, there is insufficient information on the effects of metformin on the breastfed infant and no available information on the effects of metformin on milk production. dapagliflozin is present in the milk of lactating rats (see data) . however, due to species specific differences in lactation physiology, the clinical relevance of these data is not clear. since human kidney maturation occurs in utero and during the first 2 years of life when lactational exposure may occur, there may be risk to the developing human kidney. because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, advise women that use of xigduo xr is not recommended while breastfeeding. data dapagliflozin dapagliflozin was present in rat milk at a milk/plasma ratio of 0.49, indicating that dapagliflozin and its metabolites are transferred into milk at a concentration that is approximately 50% of that in maternal plasma. juvenile rats directly exposed to dapagliflozin showed risk to the developing kidney (renal pelvic and tubular dilatations) during maturation. metformin hcl published clinical lactation studies report that metformin is present in human milk which resulted in infant doses approximately 0.11% to 1% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage and a milk/plasma ratio ranging between 0.13 and 1. however, the studies were not designed to definitely establish the risk of use of metformin during lactation because of small sample size and limited adverse event data collected in infants. discuss the potential for unintended pregnancy with premenopausal women as therapy with metformin may result in ovulation in some anovulatory women. safety and effectiveness of xigduo xr in pediatric patients under 18 years of age have not been established. xigduo xr no xigduo xr dosage change is recommended based on age. more frequent assessment of renal function is recommended in elderly patients. dapagliflozin a total of 1424 (24%) of the 5936 dapagliflozin-treated patients were 65 years and older and 207 (3.5%) patients were 75 years and older in a pool of 21 double-blind, controlled, clinical studies assessing the efficacy of dapagliflozin in improving glycemic control. after controlling for level of renal function (egfr), efficacy was similar for patients under age 65 years and those 65 years and older. in patients ≥65 years of age, a higher proportion of patients treated with dapagliflozin for glycemic control had adverse reactions of hypotension [see warnings and precautions (5.3) and adverse reactions (6.1)] . in both the dapa-hf and dapa-ckd studies, safety and efficacy were similar for patients age 65 years and younger and those older than 65 in both the overall population and the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. in the dapa-hf study, 2714 (57%) out of 4744 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (hfref) were older than 65 years. out of 2139 patients with hfref and type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1211 (57%) were older than 65 years. in the dapa-ckd study, 1818 (42%) out of 4304 patients with chronic kidney disease were older than 65 years. out of 2906 patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1399 (48%) were older than 65 years. metformin hcl controlled clinical studies of metformin did not include sufficient numbers of elderly patients to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. in general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy and the higher risk of lactic acidosis. assess renal function more frequently in elderly patients [see warnings and precautions (5.1)] . initiation of xigduo xr is not recommended in patients with an egfr below 45 ml/min/1.73 m2 and is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (egfr less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 ), end-stage renal disease or patients on dialysis [see dosage and administration (2.4), contraindications (4) and  warnings and precautions  (5.1, 5.3)] . dapagliflozin dapagliflozin 10 mg was evaluated in 4304 patients with chronic kidney disease (egfr 25 to 75 ml/min/1.73 m2 ) in the dapa-ckd study. dapagliflozin 10 mg was also evaluated in 1926 patients with an egfr of 30 to 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 in the dapa-hf study. the safety profile of dapagliflozin across egfr subgroups was consistent with the known safety profile [see adverse reactions (6.1) and clinical studies  (14.3 and 14.4)] . dapagliflozin 10 mg was evaluated in two glycemic control studies that included patients with moderate renal impairment (an egfr of 45 to less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 , and an egfr of 30 to less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 ) [see clinical studies (14.1)] . patients with diabetes and renal impairment using dapagliflozin 10 mg are more likely to experience hypotension and may be at higher risk for acute kidney injury secondary to volume depletion. in the study of patients with an egfr 30 to less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 , 13 patients receiving dapagliflozin experienced bone fractures compared to none receiving placebo. use of dapagliflozin 10 mg for glycemic control in patients without established cv disease or cv risk factors is not recommended when egfr is less than 45 ml/min/1.73 m2  [see dosage and administration (2.4)] . metformin hcl metformin is substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of metformin accumulation and lactic acidosis increases with the degree of renal impairment. xigduo xr is contraindicated in severe renal impairment, patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) below 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 [see dosage and administration (2.4), contraindications (4), warnings and precautions (5.1), and clinical pharmacology  (12.3)]. use of metformin in patients with hepatic impairment has been associated with some cases of lactic acidosis. xigduo xr is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment [see warnings and precautions (5.1)] .

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

international laboratories, llc - benazepril hydrochloride (unii: n1sn99t69t) (benazeprilat - unii:jrm708l703) - benazepril hydrochloride 40 mg

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

sandoz inc - ampicillin sodium (unii: jfn36l5s8k) (ampicillin - unii:7c782967rd) - ampicillin 250 mg - ampicillin for injection is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the following conditions: respiratory tract infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae . staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing), h. influenzae, and group a beta-hemolytic streptococci. bacterial meningitis caused by e. coli, group b streptococci , and other gram-negative bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, n. meningitidis ). the addition of an aminoglycoside with ampicillin may increase its effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria. septicemia and endocarditis caused by susceptible gram-positive organisms including streptococcus spp., penicillin g-susceptible staphylococci , and enterococci . gram-negative sepsis caused by e. coli, proteus mirabilis and salmonella spp. responds to ampicillin. endocarditis due to enterococcal strains usually respond to intravenous therapy. the addition of an aminoglycoside may enhance the effectiveness of a

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

sandoz gmbh - ampicillin sodium (unii: jfn36l5s8k) (ampicillin - unii:7c782967rd) - ampicillin 125 mg - ampicillin for injection, usp is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the following conditions: respiratory tract infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae . staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing), h. influenzae, and group a beta-hemolytic streptococci. bacterial meningitis caused by e. coli, group b streptococci, and other gram-negative bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, n. meningitidis ). the addition of an aminoglycoside with ampicillin may increase its effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria. septicemia and endocarditis caused by susceptible gram-positive organisms including streptococcus spp., penicillin g-susceptible staphylococci, and enterococci. gram-negative sepsis caused by e. coli, proteus mirabilis and salmonella spp. responds to ampicillin. endocarditis due to enterococcal strains usually respond to intravenous therapy. the addition of an aminoglycoside may enhance the effectiveness of

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

american health packaging - methylphenidate hydrochloride (unii: 4b3sc438hi) (methylphenidate - unii:207zz9qz49) - methylphenidate hydrochloride 10 mg

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

b. braun medical inc. - sodium chloride (unii: 451w47iq8x) (sodium cation - unii:lyr4m0nh37, chloride ion - unii:q32zn48698), potassium chloride (unii: 660yq98i10) (potassium cation - unii:295o53k152, chloride ion - unii:q32zn48698) - sodium chloride 0.9 g in 100 ml - potassium chloride in 0.9% sodium chloride injection is indicated for use in adults and pediatric patients as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration. potassium chloride in 0.9% sodium chloride injection is contraindicated in clinical conditions where additives of sodium, potassium or chloride could be clinically detrimental.

美国 - 英文 - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

fresenius kabi usa, llc - ropivacaine hydrochloride (unii: v910p86109) (ropivacaine - unii:7io5lya57n) - ropivacaine hydrochloride 2 mg in 1 ml - naropin is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia for surgery and for acute pain management. surgical anesthesia: epidural block for surgery including cesarean section; major nerve block; local infiltration acute pain management: epidural continuous infusion or intermittent bolus, e.g., postoperative or labor; local infiltration naropin is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to ropivacaine or to any local anesthetic agent of the amide type.