FENTANYL CITRATE injection

Ülke: ABD

Dil: İngilizce

Kaynak: NLM (National Library of Medicine)

Aktif bileşen:

FENTANYL CITRATE (UNII: MUN5LYG46H) (FENTANYL - UNII:UF599785JZ)

Mevcut itibaren:

Civica, Inc.

Uygulama yolu:

INTRAMUSCULAR

Reçete türü:

PRESCRIPTION DRUG

Terapötik endikasyonlar:

Fentanyl Citrate Injection is indicated for: - analgesic action of short duration during the anesthetic periods, premedication, induction and maintenance, and in the immediate postoperative period (recovery room) as the need arises. - use as a narcotic analgesic supplement in general or regional anesthesia. - administration with a neuroleptic as an anesthetic premedication, for the induction of anesthesia and as an adjunct in the maintenance of general and regional anesthesia. - use as an anesthetic agent with oxygen in selected high risk patients, such as those undergoing open heart surgery or certain complicated neurological or orthopedic procedures. Fentanyl Citrate Injection is contraindicated in patients with: - Hypersensitivity to fentanyl (e.g., anaphylaxis) [See Adverse Reactions (6)] Risk Summary Prolonged use of opioid analgesics during pregnancy may cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Available data with Fentanyl Citrate Injection in pregnant women are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. In animal reproduction studies, fentanyl administration to pregnant rats during organogenesis was embryocidal at doses within the range of the human recommended dosing.  No evidence of malformations was noted in animal studies completed to date [see Data] . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Prolonged use of opioid analgesics during pregnancy for medical or nonmedical purposes can result in physical dependence in the neonate and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome shortly after birth. Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome presents as irritability, hyperactivity and abnormal sleep pattern, high pitched cry, tremor, vomiting, diarrhea and failure to gain weight. The onset, duration, and severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome vary based on the specific opioid used, duration of use, timing and amount of last maternal use, and rate of elimination of the drug by the newborn. Observe newborns for symptoms of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and manage accordingly. Labor or Delivery There are insufficient data to support the use of fentanyl in labor or delivery. Therefore, such use is not recommended. Opioids cross the placenta and may produce respiratory depression and psycho-physiologic effects in neonates.  An opioid antagonist, such as naloxone, must be available for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the neonate.  Fentanyl Citrate Injection is not recommended for use in pregnant women during or immediately prior to labor, when other analgesic techniques are more appropriate.  Opioid analgesics, including Fentanyl Citrate Injection, can prolong labor through actions which temporarily reduce the strength, duration, and frequency of uterine contractions.  However, this effect is not consistent and may be offset by an increased rate of cervical dilation, which tends to shorten labor.  Monitor neonates exposed to opioid analgesics during labor for signs of excess sedation and respiratory depression. Data Animal Data Fentanyl has been shown to be embryocidal in pregnant rats at doses of 30 mcg/kg intravenously (0.05 times the human dose of 100 mcg/kg on a mg/m2 basis) and 160 mcg/kg subcutaneously (0.26 times the human dose of 100 mcg/kg on a mg/m2 basis).  There was no evidence of teratogenicity reported. No evidence of malformations or adverse effects on the fetus was reported in a published study in which pregnant rats were administered fentanyl continuously via  subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps at doses of 10, 100, or 500 mcg/kg/day starting 2-weeks prior to breeding and throughout pregnancy.  The high dose was approximately 0.81 times the human dose of 100 mcg/kg on a mg/m2 basis.  Risk Summary Fentanyl is present in breast milk. One published lactation study reports a relative infant dose of fentanyl of 0.38%. However, there is insufficient information to determine the effects of fentanyl on the breastfed infant and the effects of fentanyl on milk production.  The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Fentanyl Citrate Injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from Fentanyl Citrate Injection or from the underlying maternal condition. Clinical Considerations Monitor infants exposed to fentanyl through breast milk for excess sedation and respiratory depression. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in breastfed infants when maternal administration of an opioid analgesic is stopped, or when breast-feeding is stopped. Infertility Chronic use of opioids may cause reduced fertility in females and males of reproductive potential. It is not known whether these effects on fertility are reversible [see Adverse Reactions (6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.2), Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)] . The safety and efficacy of Fentanyl Citrate Injection in pediatric patients under two years of age has not been established. Rare cases of unexplained clinically significant methemoglobinemia have been reported in premature neonates undergoing emergency anesthesia and surgery which included combined use of fentanyl, pancuronium and atropine. A direct cause and effect relationship between the combined use of these drugs and the reported cases of methemoglobinemia has not been established. Elderly patients (aged 65 years or older) may have increased sensitivity to fentanyl. In general, use caution when selecting a dosage for an elderly patient, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. Respiratory depression is the chief risk for elderly patients treated with opioids, and has occurred after large initial doses were administered to patients who were not opioid-tolerant or when opioids were co-administered with other agents that depress respiration. Titrate the dosage of Fentanyl Citrate Injection slowly in geriatric patients and monitor closely for signs of central nervous system and respiratory depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] . Fentanyl is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function. Fentanyl Citrate Injection should be administered with caution to patients with liver dysfunction because of the extensive hepatic metabolism. Reduce the dosage as needed and monitor closely for signs of respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Fentanyl Citrate Injection should be administered with caution to patients with kidney dysfunction because of the renal excretion of Fentanyl Citrate Injection and its metabolites. Reduce the dosage as needed and monitor closely for signs of respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Fentanyl Citrate Injection contains fentanyl, a Schedule II controlled drug substance. Fentanyl Citrate Injection contains fentanyl, a substance with a high potential for abuse similar to other opioids including hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, and tapentadol. Fentanyl Citrate Injection can be abused and is subject to misuse, addiction, and criminal diversion [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . Prescription drug abuse is the intentional non-therapeutic use of a prescription drug, even once, for its rewarding psychological or physiological effects. Drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and includes: a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling its use, persisting in its use despite harmful consequences, a higher priority given to drug use than to other activities and obligations, increased tolerance, and sometimes a physical withdrawal. Fentanyl Citrate Injection, like other opioids, can be diverted for non-medical use into illicit channels of distribution. Careful record-keeping of prescribing information, including quantity, frequency, and renewal requests, as required by state and federal law, is strongly advised. Risks Specific to Abuse of Fentanyl Citrate Injection Abuse of Fentanyl Citrate Injection poses a risk of overdose and death.  The risk is increased with concurrent use of Fentanyl Citrate Injection with alcohol and other central nervous system depressants. Parenteral drug abuse is commonly associated with transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and HIV. Both tolerance and physical dependence can develop during chronic opioid therapy. Tolerance is the need for increasing doses of opioids to maintain a defined effect such as analgesia (in the absence of disease progression or other external factors).  Tolerance may occur to both the desired and undesired effects of drugs, and may develop at different rates for different effects. Physical dependence results in withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dosage reduction of a drug.  Withdrawal also may be precipitated through the administration of drugs with opioid antagonist activity (e.g., naloxone, nalmefene), mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (e.g., pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine), or partial agonists (e.g., buprenorphine). Physical dependence may not occur to a clinically significant degree until after several days to weeks of continued opioid usage.

Ürün özeti:

Fentanyl Citrate Injection, equivalent to 50 mcg fentanyl base per mL, is a preservative-free solution, supplied as follows: NDC 72572-170-25            2 mL Single Dose vials packaged in 25s NDC 72572-171-10            5 mL Single Dose vials packaged in 10s NDC 72572-171-25            5 mL Single Dose  vials packaged in 25s         NDC 72572-172-01            50 mL Single Dose  vials packaged individually PROTECT FROM LIGHT. Keep covered in carton until time of use. Store at 20˚‑25˚C (68˚‑77˚F), excursions permitted to 15˚‑30˚C (59˚‑86˚F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Contains no preservative. DISCARD ANY UNUSED CONTENTS. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. at 1-877-845-0689, or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. For Product Inquiry call 1-877-845-0689.

Yetkilendirme durumu:

New Drug Application

Ürün özellikleri

FENTANYL CITRATE- FENTANYL CITRATE INJECTION
CIVICA, INC.
----------
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION
THESE HIGHLIGHTS DO NOT INCLUDE ALL THE INFORMATION NEEDED TO USE
FENTANYL CITRATE
INJECTION SAFELY AND EFFECTIVELY. SEE FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION FOR
FENTANYL CITRATE
INJECTION.
FENTANYL CITRATE INJECTION, FOR INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR USE, CII
INITIAL U.S. APPROVAL: 1968
WARNING: RISK OF ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; LIFE-THREATENING
RESPIRATORY
DEPRESSION; CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 INTERACTION; AND RISKS FROM
CONCOMITANT
USE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS
_SEE FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION FOR COMPLETE BOXED WARNING._
FENTANYL CITRATE INJECTION EXPOSES USERS TO RISKS OF ADDICTION, ABUSE,
AND MISUSE,
WHICH CAN LEAD TO OVERDOSE AND DEATH. ASSESS PATIENT’S RISK BEFORE
PRESCRIBING AND
MONITOR REGULARLY FOR THESE BEHAVIORS AND CONDITIONS (5.1)
SERIOUS, LIFE-THREATENING, OR FATAL RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION MAY OCCUR.
MONITOR CLOSELY,
ESPECIALLY UPON INITIATION OR FOLLOWING A DOSE INCREASE. (5.2)
CONCOMITANT USE WITH CYP3A4 INHIBITORS (OR DISCONTINUATION OF CYP3A4
INDUCERS) CAN
RESULT IN A FATAL OVERDOSE OF FENTANYL. (5.3, 7, 12.3)
CONCOMITANT USE OF OPIOIDS WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CENTRAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
(CNS) DEPRESSANTS, INCLUDING ALCOHOL, MAY RESULT IN PROFOUND SEDATION,
RESPIRATORY
DEPRESSION, COMA, AND DEATH. RESERVE CONCOMITANT PRESCRIBING FOR USE
IN PATIENTS
FOR WHOM ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT OPTIONS ARE INADEQUATE; LIMIT DOSAGES
AND DURATIONS
TO THE MINIMUM REQUIRED; AND FOLLOW PATIENTS FOR SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF
RESPIRATORY
DEPRESSION AND SEDATION. (5.4, 7)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Fentanyl Citrate Injection is indicated for: (1)
analgesic action of short duration during the anesthetic periods,
premedication, induction and
maintenance, and in the immediate postoperative period (recovery room)
as the need arises.
use as an opioid analgesic supplement in general or regional
anesthesia.
administration with a neuroleptic as an anesthetic premedication, for
the induction of anesthesia and
as an adj