Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

sun pharma anz pty ltd - fluconazole, quantity: 200 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: purified water; lactose monohydrate; maize starch; patent blue v; magnesium stearate; titanium dioxide; erythrosine; gelatin; colloidal anhydrous silica; sodium lauryl sulfate; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; shellac; strong ammonia solution; iron oxide black; potassium hydroxide - ozole (fluconazole) capsules, given orally, are indicated for the following conditions: - treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: data suggest that the clinical efficacy of fluconazole is lower than that of amphotericin b in the acute phase of cryptococcal meningitis. - maintenance therapy to prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with aids. - treatment of oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidiasis in aids and other immunosuppressed patients. - secondary prophylaxis of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with hiv infection. - serious and life-threatening candida infections in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: it remains to be shown that fluconazole is as effective as amphotericin b in the treatment of serious and life-threatening candida infecctions. until such data are available, amphotericin b remains the drug of choice. - vaginal candidiasis, when topical therapy has failed. - treatment of extensive tinea corporis, extensive tinea cruris and extensive tinea pedis infections in immunocompetent patients in whom topical therpy is not a practical treatment option. usually, topical therapy should be attempted first because oral therapy has a less favourable ratio of benefits to risks.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

sun pharma anz pty ltd - fluconazole, quantity: 100 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: titanium dioxide; patent blue v; sodium lauryl sulfate; maize starch; magnesium stearate; lactose monohydrate; colloidal anhydrous silica; erythrosine; purified water; gelatin; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; shellac; strong ammonia solution; iron oxide black; potassium hydroxide - ozole (fluconazole) capsules, given orally, are indicated for the following conditions: - treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: data suggest that the clinical efficacy of fluconazole is lower than that of amphotericin b in the acute phase of cryptococcal meningitis. - maintenance therapy to prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with aids. - treatment of oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidiasis in aids and other immunosuppressed patients. - secondary prophylaxis of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with hiv infection. - serious and life-threatening candida infections in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: it remains to be shown that fluconazole is as effective as amphotericin b in the treatment of serious and life-threatening candida infecctions. until such data are available, amphotericin b remains the drug of choice. - vaginal candidiasis, when topical therapy has failed. - treatment of extensive tinea corporis, extensive tinea cruris and extensive tinea pedis infections in immunocompetent patients in whom topical therpy is not a practical treatment option. usually, topical therapy should be attempted first because oral therapy has a less favourable ratio of benefits to risks.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

sun pharma anz pty ltd - fluconazole, quantity: 50 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: maize starch; lactose monohydrate; colloidal anhydrous silica; sodium lauryl sulfate; magnesium stearate; patent blue v; purified water; titanium dioxide; gelatin; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; shellac; strong ammonia solution; iron oxide black; potassium hydroxide - ozole (fluconazole) capsules, given orally, are indicated for the following conditions: - treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: data suggest that the clinical efficacy of fluconazole is lower than that of amphotericin b in the acute phase of cryptococcal meningitis. - maintenance therapy to prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with aids. - treatment of oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidiasis in aids and other immunosuppressed patients. - secondary prophylaxis of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with hiv infection. - serious and life-threatening candida infections in patients who are unable to tolerate amphotericin b. note: it remains to be shown that fluconazole is as effective as amphotericin b in the treatment of serious and life-threatening candida infecctions. until such data are available, amphotericin b remains the drug of choice. - vaginal candidiasis, when topical therapy has failed. - treatment of extensive tinea corporis, extensive tinea cruris and extensive tinea pedis infections in immunocompetent patients in whom topical therpy is not a practical treatment option. usually, topical therapy should be attempted first because oral therapy has a less favourable ratio of benefits to risks.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

novartis pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - methylphenidate hydrochloride, quantity: 40 mg - capsule, modified release - excipient ingredients: iron oxide yellow; methacrylic acid copolymer; iron oxide red; gelatin; titanium dioxide; purified talc; macrogol 6000; iron oxide black; ammonio methacrylate copolymer; triethyl citrate; maize starch; purified water; sucrose; propylene glycol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; shellac; strong ammonia solution; ethanol absolute; potassium hydroxide - ritalin 10 tablets and ritalin la capsules are indicated for the treatment of adhd. ritalin 10 tablets are also indicated for the treatment of narcolepsy. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) adhd was previously known as attention-deficit disorder. other terms used to describe this behavioural syndrome include: minimal brain dysfunction in children, hyperkinetic child syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal cerebral dysfunction, minor cerebral dysfunction and psycho-organic syndrome of children. ritalin 10 / ritalin la are indicatedas an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. special diagnostic considerations for adhd in children: the aetiology of this syndrome is unknown and there is no single diagnostic test. adequate diagnosis requires the use, not only of medical, but also of psychological, educational and social resources. characteristics commonly reported include: chronic history of short attention span, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsivity, moderate to severe hyperactivity, minor neurological signs and an abnormal eeg. learning may or may not be impaired. the diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the child and not solely on the presence of one or more of these characteristics. drug treatment is not indicated for all children with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in children who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors (e.g. child abuse in particular) or primary psychiatric disorders. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is generally necessary. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medicine will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms. continuation of treatment in adolescent and special diagnostic considerations for adhd in adults: there is limited information to guide clinicians about how long older adolescents should continue to receive treatment with drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). the decision should be based on the extent to which symptoms of adhd and social functioning have improved to a point that medication is no longer needed. if older adolescents have been largely symptom-free for a year and are functioning well, a trial without medication is warranted. this should be undertaken at times of low stress such as during holidays or in a period when a school routine is well established. adhd needs to be considered in adults who present with longstanding symptoms suggestive of adhd (inattention, impulsivity, disorganisation) that appear to have started in childhood and are persisting into adult life. further, people with personality disorder and/or problems with drug use accompanied by a significant level of impulsivity and inattention should be referred for evaluation by a psychiatrist with the training and skills required to assess and treat adhd. this expertise is necessary due to the overlap of adhd symptoms with anxiety, mood and personality disorders. narcolepsy the symptoms include daytime sleepiness, inappropriate sleep episodes and rapidly occurring loss of voluntary muscle tone. ritalin 10 is effective for symptoms of sleepiness but not for loss of voluntary muscle tone.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

novartis pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - methylphenidate hydrochloride, quantity: 30 mg - capsule, modified release - excipient ingredients: purified talc; methacrylic acid copolymer; ammonio methacrylate copolymer; titanium dioxide; triethyl citrate; iron oxide yellow; gelatin; macrogol 6000; maize starch; purified water; sucrose; propylene glycol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; shellac; iron oxide red; strong ammonia solution; ethanol absolute; potassium hydroxide - ritalin 10 tablets and ritalin la capsules are indicated for the treatment of adhd. ritalin 10 tablets are also indicated for the treatment of narcolepsy. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) adhd was previously known as attention-deficit disorder. other terms used to describe this behavioural syndrome include: minimal brain dysfunction in children, hyperkinetic child syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal cerebral dysfunction, minor cerebral dysfunction and psycho-organic syndrome of children. ritalin 10 / ritalin la are indicatedas an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. special diagnostic considerations for adhd in children: the aetiology of this syndrome is unknown and there is no single diagnostic test. adequate diagnosis requires the use, not only of medical, but also of psychological, educational and social resources. characteristics commonly reported include: chronic history of short attention span, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsivity, moderate to severe hyperactivity, minor neurological signs and an abnormal eeg. learning may or may not be impaired. the diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the child and not solely on the presence of one or more of these characteristics. drug treatment is not indicated for all children with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in children who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors (e.g. child abuse in particular) or primary psychiatric disorders. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is generally necessary. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medicine will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms. continuation of treatment in adolescent and special diagnostic considerations for adhd in adults: there is limited information to guide clinicians about how long older adolescents should continue to receive treatment with drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). the decision should be based on the extent to which symptoms of adhd and social functioning have improved to a point that medication is no longer needed. if older adolescents have been largely symptom-free for a year and are functioning well, a trial without medication is warranted. this should be undertaken at times of low stress such as during holidays or in a period when a school routine is well established. adhd needs to be considered in adults who present with longstanding symptoms suggestive of adhd (inattention, impulsivity, disorganisation) that appear to have started in childhood and are persisting into adult life. further, people with personality disorder and/or problems with drug use accompanied by a significant level of impulsivity and inattention should be referred for evaluation by a psychiatrist with the training and skills required to assess and treat adhd. this expertise is necessary due to the overlap of adhd symptoms with anxiety, mood and personality disorders. narcolepsy the symptoms include daytime sleepiness, inappropriate sleep episodes and rapidly occurring loss of voluntary muscle tone. ritalin 10 is effective for symptoms of sleepiness but not for loss of voluntary muscle tone.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

novartis pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - methylphenidate hydrochloride, quantity: 20 mg - capsule, modified release - excipient ingredients: macrogol 6000; titanium dioxide; gelatin; ammonio methacrylate copolymer; purified talc; triethyl citrate; methacrylic acid copolymer; propylene glycol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; purified water; iron oxide yellow; shellac; iron oxide red; strong ammonia solution; ethanol absolute; potassium hydroxide; maize starch; sucrose - ritalin 10 tablets and ritalin la capsules are indicated for the treatment of adhd. ritalin 10 tablets are also indicated for the treatment of narcolepsy. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) adhd was previously known as attention-deficit disorder. other terms used to describe this behavioural syndrome include: minimal brain dysfunction in children, hyperkinetic child syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal cerebral dysfunction, minor cerebral dysfunction and psycho-organic syndrome of children. ritalin 10 / ritalin la are indicatedas an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. special diagnostic considerations for adhd in children: the aetiology of this syndrome is unknown and there is no single diagnostic test. adequate diagnosis requires the use, not only of medical, but also of psychological, educational and social resources. characteristics commonly reported include: chronic history of short attention span, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsivity, moderate to severe hyperactivity, minor neurological signs and an abnormal eeg. learning may or may not be impaired. the diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the child and not solely on the presence of one or more of these characteristics. drug treatment is not indicated for all children with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in children who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors (e.g. child abuse in particular) or primary psychiatric disorders. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is generally necessary. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medicine will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms. continuation of treatment in adolescent and special diagnostic considerations for adhd in adults: there is limited information to guide clinicians about how long older adolescents should continue to receive treatment with drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). the decision should be based on the extent to which symptoms of adhd and social functioning have improved to a point that medication is no longer needed. if older adolescents have been largely symptom-free for a year and are functioning well, a trial without medication is warranted. this should be undertaken at times of low stress such as during holidays or in a period when a school routine is well established. adhd needs to be considered in adults who present with longstanding symptoms suggestive of adhd (inattention, impulsivity, disorganisation) that appear to have started in childhood and are persisting into adult life. further, people with personality disorder and/or problems with drug use accompanied by a significant level of impulsivity and inattention should be referred for evaluation by a psychiatrist with the training and skills required to assess and treat adhd. this expertise is necessary due to the overlap of adhd symptoms with anxiety, mood and personality disorders. narcolepsy the symptoms include daytime sleepiness, inappropriate sleep episodes and rapidly occurring loss of voluntary muscle tone. ritalin 10 is effective for symptoms of sleepiness but not for loss of voluntary muscle tone.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

takeda pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - lisdexamfetamine dimesilate, quantity: 60 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose; croscarmellose sodium; magnesium stearate; brilliant blue fcf; titanium dioxide; gelatin; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; purified water; shellac; strong ammonia solution; iron oxide black; potassium hydroxide - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). treatment should be commenced by a specialist. a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before 12 years of age.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,long term use: the physician who elects to use vyvanse for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.,binge eating disorder (bed): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe bed in adults when nonpharmacological treatment is unsuccessful or unavailable. treatment should be commenced and managed by a psychiatrist.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as part of a total treatment program for bed that optimally includes other measures (nutritional, psychological, and medical) for patients with this disorder. when remedial measures including psychotherapy are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,limitation of use: vyvanse is not indicated or recommended for weight loss. use of other sympathomimetic drugs for weight loss has been associated with serious cardiovascular adverse events. the safety and effectiveness of vyvanse for the treatment of obesity have not been established. prescribers should consider that serious cardiovascular events have been reported with this class of sympathomimetic drugs. the bed clinical trials were not designed to assess cardiovascular safety. while there is an accumulation of safety data with vyvanse use in the adhd population, this is of limited relevance regarding cardiovascular risk in the bed population. given the higher cardiovascular risk associated with obesity, the bed population may be at a higher risk. see sections 4.4 special warnings and precautions for use, cardiovascular disease and 4.2 dose and method of administration.,long term use: for bed the initial treatment period is 12 weeks. patients should then be observed to assess whether further treatment with vyvanse is required. periodic re-evaluation of the usefulness of vyvanse for the individual patient should be undertaken. see section 5.1 pharmacodynamic properties, clinical trials.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

takeda pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - lisdexamfetamine dimesilate, quantity: 40 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose; croscarmellose sodium; magnesium stearate; iron oxide yellow; titanium dioxide; gelatin; brilliant blue fcf; iron oxide black; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; purified water; shellac; strong ammonia solution; potassium hydroxide - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). treatment should be commenced by a specialist. a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before 12 years of age.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,long term use: the physician who elects to use vyvanse for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.,binge eating disorder (bed): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe bed in adults when nonpharmacological treatment is unsuccessful or unavailable. treatment should be commenced and managed by a psychiatrist.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as part of a total treatment program for bed that optimally includes other measures (nutritional, psychological, and medical) for patients with this disorder. when remedial measures including psychotherapy are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,limitation of use: vyvanse is not indicated or recommended for weight loss. use of other sympathomimetic drugs for weight loss has been associated with serious cardiovascular adverse events. the safety and effectiveness of vyvanse for the treatment of obesity have not been established. prescribers should consider that serious cardiovascular events have been reported with this class of sympathomimetic drugs. the bed clinical trials were not designed to assess cardiovascular safety. while there is an accumulation of safety data with vyvanse use in the adhd population, this is of limited relevance regarding cardiovascular risk in the bed population. given the higher cardiovascular risk associated with obesity, the bed population may be at a higher risk. see sections 4.4 special warnings and precautions for use, cardiovascular disease and 4.2 dose and method of administration.,long term use: for bed the initial treatment period is 12 weeks. patients should then be observed to assess whether further treatment with vyvanse is required. periodic re-evaluation of the usefulness of vyvanse for the individual patient should be undertaken. see section 5.1 pharmacodynamic properties, clinical trials.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

takeda pharmaceuticals australia pty ltd - lisdexamfetamine dimesilate, quantity: 20 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose; croscarmellose sodium; magnesium stearate; iron oxide yellow; titanium dioxide; gelatin; propylene glycol; ethanol; butan-1-ol; isopropyl alcohol; purified water; shellac; strong ammonia solution; iron oxide black; potassium hydroxide - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). treatment should be commenced by a specialist. a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before 12 years of age.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,long term use: the physician who elects to use vyvanse for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.,binge eating disorder (bed): vyvanse is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe bed in adults when nonpharmacological treatment is unsuccessful or unavailable. treatment should be commenced and managed by a psychiatrist.,need for comprehensive treatment programme: vyvanse is indicated as part of a total treatment program for bed that optimally includes other measures (nutritional, psychological, and medical) for patients with this disorder. when remedial measures including psychotherapy are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician?s assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient?s symptoms.,limitation of use: vyvanse is not indicated or recommended for weight loss. use of other sympathomimetic drugs for weight loss has been associated with serious cardiovascular adverse events. the safety and effectiveness of vyvanse for the treatment of obesity have not been established. prescribers should consider that serious cardiovascular events have been reported with this class of sympathomimetic drugs. the bed clinical trials were not designed to assess cardiovascular safety. while there is an accumulation of safety data with vyvanse use in the adhd population, this is of limited relevance regarding cardiovascular risk in the bed population. given the higher cardiovascular risk associated with obesity, the bed population may be at a higher risk. see sections 4.4 special warnings and precautions for use, cardiovascular disease and 4.2 dose and method of administration.,long term use: for bed the initial treatment period is 12 weeks. patients should then be observed to assess whether further treatment with vyvanse is required. periodic re-evaluation of the usefulness of vyvanse for the individual patient should be undertaken. see section 5.1 pharmacodynamic properties, clinical trials.

Аустралија - Енглески - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

aft pharmaceuticals pty ltd - methylphenidate hydrochloride, quantity: 60 mg - capsule, hard - excipient ingredients: povidone; purified talc; titanium dioxide; iron oxide yellow; methacrylic acid copolymer; gelatin; potassium hydroxide; shellac; triethyl citrate; propylene glycol; iron oxide red; ammonio methacrylate copolymer; strong ammonia solution; sucrose; maize starch - rubifen la modified release capsules are indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd).,adhd adhd was previously known as attention-deficit disorder. other terms used to describe this behavioural syndrome include: minimal brain dysfunction in children, hyperkinetic child syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal cerebral dysfunction, minor cerebral dysfunction and psycho-organic syndrome of children.,rubifen la modified release capsules are indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for adhd that may include other measures (psychological, educational and social) for patients with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis.,special diagnostic considerations for adhd in children the aetiology of this syndrome is unknown and there is no single diagnostic test. adequate diagnosis requires the use, not only of medical, but also of psychological, educational and social resources. characteristics commonly reported include: chronic history of short attention span, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsivity, moderate to severe hyperactivity, minor neurological signs and an abnormal eeg. learning may or may not be impaired. the diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the child and not solely on the presence of one or more of these characteristics.,drug treatment is not indicated for all children with this syndrome. stimulants are not intended for use in children who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors (e.g. child abuse in particular) or primary psychiatric disorders. appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is generally necessary. when remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medicine will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms.,continuation of treatment in adolescent and special diagnostic considerations for adhd in adults there is limited information to guide clinicians about how long older adolescents should continue to receive treatment with drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). the decision should be based on the extent to which symptoms of adhd and social functioning have improved to a point that medication is no longer needed. if older adolescents have been largely symptom-free for a year and are functioning well, a trial without medication is warranted. this should be undertaken at times of low stress such as during holidays or in a period when a school routine is well established.,adhd needs to be considered in adults who present with longstanding symptoms suggestive of adhd (inattention, impulsivity, disorganisation) that appear to have started in childhood and are persisting into adult life. further, people with personality disorder and/or problems with drug use accompanied by a significant level of impulsivity and inattention should be referred for evaluation by a psychiatrist with the training and skills required to assess and treat adhd. this expertise is necessary due to the overlap of adhd symptoms with anxiety, mood and personality disorders.