Krajina: Spojené štáty
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: NLM (National Library of Medicine)
ACYCLOVIR (UNII: X4HES1O11F) (ACYCLOVIR - UNII:X4HES1O11F)
Mylan Institutional Inc.
ACYCLOVIR
ACYCLOVIR 50 mg in 1 g
TOPICAL
PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Acyclovir ointment 5% is indicated in the management of initial genital herpes and in limited non-life-threatening mucocutaneous Herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir ointment 5% is contraindicated in patients who develop hypersensitivity to the components of the formulation.
Each gram of Acyclovir Ointment USP, 5% contains acyclovir USP, 50 mg in a polyethylene glycol base. Acyclovir Ointment USP, 5% is an opaque white to off-white ointment available as follows: 51079-550-68 carton of two 5 g tubes Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Store in a dry place. Manufactured for: Mylan Institutional Inc. Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A. Manufactured by: Mylan Institutional Inc. Sugar Land, TX 77478 U.S.A. Revised: 7/2018 ACYCO:5G:R4 1343.4 [pharma code: 3434]
Abbreviated New Drug Application
ACYCLOVIR- ACYCLOVIR OINTMENT MYLAN INSTITUTIONAL INC. ---------- DESCRIPTION Acyclovir ointment, USP is a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpes viruses. Acyclovir ointment 5% is a formulation for topical administration. Each gram of acyclovir ointment 5% contains 50 mg of acyclovir in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) base. Acyclovir, USP is a white to off-white, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C H N O and a molecular weight of 225. The maximum solubility in water at 37°C is 2.5 mg/mL. The pka’s of acyclovir are 2.27 and 9.25. The chemical name of acyclovir is 9- [(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine; it has the following structural formula: VIROLOGY MECHANISM OF ANTIVIRAL ACTION Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with _in vitro_ and _in vivo_ inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The inhibitory activity of acyclovir is highly selective due to its affinity for the enzyme thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by HSV and VZV. This viral enzyme converts acyclovir into acyclovir monophosphate, a nucleotide analogue. The monophosphate is further converted into diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase and into triphosphate by a number of cellular enzymes. _In vitro_, acyclovir triphosphate stops replication of herpes viral DNA. This is accomplished in 3 ways: 1) competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase, 2) incorporation into and termination of the growing viral DNA chain, and 3) inactivation of the viral DNA polymerase. The greater antiviral activity of acyclovir against HSV compared to VZV is due to its more efficient phosphorylation by the viral TK. ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITIES The quantitative relationship between the _in vitro_ susceptibility of herpes viruses to antivirals and the clinical response to therapy has not been established in humans, and virus sensitivity testing has not been standardized. Sensitivity testing results, expressed as the concentration of drug required to inhibit by 50% the growth of virus i Prečítajte si celý dokument