País: Estados Unidos
Língua: inglês
Origem: NLM (National Library of Medicine)
MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE (UNII: W7TTW573JJ) (MIDAZOLAM - UNII:R60L0SM5BC)
Athenex Pharmaceutical Division, LLC.
INTRAVENOUS
PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Midazolam Injection, USP is indicated: - intramuscularly or intravenously for preoperative sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia; - intravenously as an agent for sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia prior to or during diagnostic, therapeutic or endoscopic procedures, such as bronchoscopy, gastroscopy, cystoscopy, coronary angiography, cardiac catheterization, oncology procedures, radiologic procedures, suture of lacerations and other procedures either alone or in combination with other CNS depressants; - intravenously for induction of general anesthesia, before administration of other anesthetic agents. With the use of narcotic premedication, induction of anesthesia can be attained within a relatively narrow dose range and in a short period of time. Intravenous midazolam can also be used as a component of intravenous supplementation of nitrous oxide and oxygen (balanced anesthesia); - continuous intravenous infusion for sedation of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients as a component of anesthesia or during treatment in a critical care setting. Injectable midazolam hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug. Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in patients with acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Benzodiazepines may be used in patients with open-angle glaucoma only if they are receiving appropriate therapy. Measurements of intraocular pressure in patients without eye disease show a moderate lowering following induction with midazolam hydrochloride; patients with glaucoma have not been studied. Midazolam hydrochloride is not intended for intrathecal or epidural administration due to the presence of the preservative benzyl alcohol in the dosage form. Midazolam hydrochloride is contraindicated for use in premature infants because the formulation contains benzyl alcohol (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use ). Midazolam hydrochloride contains midazolam, a Schedule IV control substance. Midazolam was actively self-administered in primate models used to assess the positive reinforcing effects of psychoactive drugs. Midazolam produced physical dependence of a mild to moderate intensity in cynomolgus monkeys after 5 to 10 weeks of administration. Available data concerning the drug abuse and dependence potential of midazolam suggest that its abuse potential is at least equivalent to that of diazepam. Withdrawal symptoms, similar in character to those noted with barbiturates and alcohol (convulsions, hallucinations, tremor, abdominal and muscle cramps, vomiting and sweating), have occurred following abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines, including midazolam. Abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, and tachycardia are prominent symptoms of withdrawal in infants. The more severe withdrawal symptoms have usually been limited to those patients who had received excessive doses over an extended period of time. Generally milder withdrawal symptoms (e.g., dysphoria and insomnia) have been reported following abrupt discontinuance of benzodiazepines taken continuously at therapeutic levels for several months. Consequently, after extended therapy, abrupt discontinuation should generally be avoided and a gradual dosage tapering schedule followed. There is no consensus in the medical literature regarding tapering schedules; therefore, practitioners are advised to individualize therapy to meet patient's needs. In some case reports, patients who have had severe withdrawal reactions due to abrupt discontinuation of high-dose long-term midazolam, have been successfully weaned off of midazolam over a period of several days.
Midazolam Injection, USP is supplied as follows: Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Protect from light. Sterile, Nonpyrogenic. The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.
Abbreviated New Drug Application
MIDAZOLAM- MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE INJECTION, SOLUTION ATHENEX PHARMACEUTICAL DIVISION, LLC. ---------- MIDAZOLAM INJECTION, USP CIV (FOR INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR USE ONLY) NOT FOR USE IN NEONATES CONTAINS BENZYL ALCOHOL ATHENEX RX ONLY WARNINGS PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT FOR MONITORING AND RESUSCITATION _ADULTS AND PEDIATRICS:_INTRAVENOUS MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION AND RESPIRATORY ARREST, ESPECIALLY WHEN USED FOR SEDATION IN NONCRITICAL CARE SETTINGS. IN SOME CASES, WHERE THIS WAS NOT RECOGNIZED PROMPTLY AND TREATED EFFECTIVELY, DEATH OR HYPOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY HAS RESULTED. INTRAVENOUS MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE SHOULD BE USED ONLY IN HOSPITAL OR AMBULATORY CARE SETTINGS, INCLUDING PHYSICIANS' AND DENTAL OFFICES, THAT PROVIDE FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF RESPIRATORY AND CARDIAC FUNCTION, E.G., PULSE OXIMETRY. IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY OF RESUSCITATIVE DRUGS AND AGE- AND SIZE- APPROPRIATE EQUIPMENT FOR BAG/VALVE/MASK VENTILATION AND INTUBATION, AND PERSONNEL TRAINED IN THEIR USE AND SKILLED IN AIRWAY MANAGEMENT SHOULD BE ASSURED (SEE WARNINGS). FOR DEEPLY SEDATED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS, A DEDICATED INDIVIDUAL, OTHER THAN THE PRACTITIONER PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE, SHOULD MONITOR THE PATIENT THROUGHOUT THE PROCEDURE. RISKS FROM CONCOMITANT USE WITH OPIOIDS CONCOMITANT USE OF BENZODIAZEPINES AND OPIOIDS MAY RESULT IN PROFOUND SEDATION, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, COMA, AND DEATH. MONITOR PATIENTS FOR RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION AND SEDATION (SEE WARNINGSAND PRECAUTIONS, DRUG INTERACTIONS). INDIVIDUALIZATION OF DOSAGE MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE MUST NEVER BE USED WITHOUT INDIVIDUALIZATION OF DOSAGE. THE INITIAL INTRAVENOUS DOSE FOR SEDATION IN ADULT PATIENTS MAY BE AS LITTLE AS 1 MG, BUT SHOULD NOT EXCEED 2.5 MG IN A NORMAL HEALTHY ADULT. LOWER DOSES ARE NECESSARY FOR OLDER (OVER 60 YEARS) OR DEBILITATED PATIENTS AND IN PATIENTS RECEIVING CONCOMITANT NARCOTICS OR OTHER CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) DEPRESSANTS. THE INITIAL DOSE AND ALL SUBSEQUENT DOSES SHOULD ALWAYS BE TITRATED SLOWLY; ADMINIST Leia o documento completo