Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

cardinal health - sodium citrate, unspecified form (unii: 1q73q2julr) (anhydrous citric acid - unii:xf417d3psl), anhydrous citric acid (unii: xf417d3psl) (anhydrous citric acid - unii:xf417d3psl) - sodium citrate 500 mg in 5 ml - sodium citrate and citric acid oral solution usp is an effective alkalinizing agent. it is useful in those conditions where long-term maintenance of an alkaline urine is desirable, and is of value in the alleviation of chronic metabolic acidosis, such as results from chronic renal insufficiency or the syndrome of renal tubular acidosis, especially when the administration of potassium salts is undesirable or contraindicated. this product is also useful for buffering and neutralizing gastric hydrochloric acid quickly and effectively. sodium citrate and citric acid oral solution usp is concentrated, and when administered after meals and before bedtime, allows one to maintain an alkaline urinary ph around the clock, usually without the necessity of a 2 a.m. dose. this product alkalinizes the urine without producing a systemic alkalosis in the recommended dosage. this product is highly palatable, pleasant tasting, and tolerable, even when administered for long periods. patients on sodium-restricted diets or with s

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

pharmaceutical associates, inc. - sodium citrate (unii: 1q73q2julr) (anhydrous citric acid - unii:xf417d3psl), anhydrous citric acid (unii: xf417d3psl) (anhydrous citric acid - unii:xf417d3psl) - sodium citrate 500 mg in 5 ml - sodium citrate and citric acid oral solution usp is an effective alkalinizing agent. it is useful in those conditions where long-term maintenance of an alkaline urine is desirable, and is of value in the alleviation of chronic metabolic acidosis, such as results from chronic renal insufficiency or the syndrome of renal tubular acidosis, especially when the administration of potassium salts is undesirable or contraindicated. this product is also useful for buffering and neutralizing gastric hydrochloric acid quickly and effectively. sodium citrate and citric acid oral solution usp is concentrated, and when administered after meals and before bedtime, allows one to maintain an alkaline urinary ph around the clock, usually without the necessity of a 2 a.m. dose. this product alkalinizes the urine without producing a systemic alkalosis in the recommended dosage. this product is highly palatable, pleasant tasting, and tolerable, even when administered for long periods. patients on sodium-restricted diets or with s

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

us medsource, llc - sodium bicarbonate (unii: 8mdf5v39qo) (bicarbonate ion - unii:hn1zra3q20) - sodium bicarbonate 84 mg in 1 ml - sodium bicarbonate injection, usp is indicated in the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis. sodium bicarbonate is further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturate-protein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments. sodium bicarbonate also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. treatment of metabolic acidosis should, if possible, be superimposed on measures designed to control the basic cause of the acidosis ― e.g., insulin in uncomplicated diabetes, blood volume restoration in shock. but since an appreciable time interval may elapse before

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

paddock laboratories, llc - sodium polystyrene sulfonate (unii: 1699g8679z) (polystyrene sulfonic acid - unii:70ko0r01ry) - sodium polystyrene sulfonate 15 g in 60 ml - sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension, usp is contraindicated in the following conditions: patients with hypokalemia, patients with a history of hypersensitivity to polystyrene sulfonate resins, obstructive bowel disease, oral or rectal administration in neonates (particularly in premature infants), and in any post-operative patient until normal bowel function resumes (see precautions ).

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

hospira, inc. - sodium acetate anhydrous (unii: nvg71zz7p0) (acetate ion - unii:569dqm74sc, sodium cation - unii:lyr4m0nh37) - sodium acetate anhydrous 164 mg in 1 ml - sodium acetate injection, usp (2 meq/ml) is indicated as a source of sodium for addition to large volume intravenous fluids to prevent or correct hyponatremia in patients with restricted or no oral intake. it is also useful as an additive for preparing specific intravenous fluid formulas when the needs of the patient cannot be met by standard electrolyte or nutrient solutions. sodium acetate injection, usp (2 meq/ml) is contraindicated in patients with hypernatremia or fluid retention.

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

general injectables & vaccines, inc. - sodium bicarbonate (unii: 8mdf5v39qo) (bicarbonate ion - unii:hn1zra3q20) - sodium bicarbonate 75 mg in 1 ml - sodium bicarbonate injection, usp is indicated in the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydratin, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturate-protein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments.  sodium bicarbonate also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. treatment of metabolic acidosis should, if possible, be superimposed on measures designed to control the basic cause of the acidosis-e.g., insulin in uncomplicated diabetes, blood volume restoration in shock.  but since an appreciable time interval may elapse before all of the ancillary effects are brought about, bicarbonate

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

marlex pharmaceuticals inc - sodium polystyrene sulfonate (unii: 1699g8679z) (polystyrene sulfonic acid - unii:70ko0r01ry) - sodium cation 4.1 meq in 1 g - sodium polystyrene sulfonate for suspension is indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia. sodium polystyrene sulfonate is contraindicated in the following conditions: patients with hypokalemia, patients with a history of hypersensitivity to polystyrene sulfonate resins, obstructive bowel disease, neonates with reduced gut motility (postoperatively or drug induced) and oral administration in neonates. (see precautions )

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

onpharma, inc. - sodium bicarbonate (unii: 8mdf5v39qo) (bicarbonate ion - unii:hn1zra3q20) - sodium bicarbonate 84 mg in 1 ml - sodium bicarbonate inj., 8.4% usp neutralizing additive solution is indicated to hasten onset of analgesia and reduce injection pain, by adjusting commercial preparations of lidocaine w/ epinephrine anesthetic solution to a more physiologic ph. not for use as a systemic alkalizer. barash pg, cullen bf, stoelting rk, clinical anesthesia (4th ed. 2001 lippincott williams and wilken). bhatt h, powell kj, jean da, first aid for the anesthesiology boards, an insider's guide (2011, mcgraw-hill medical). cepeda ms, tzortzopoulou a, thackrey m, hudcova j, arora gandhi p, schumann r., adjusting the ph of lidocaine for reducing pain on injection. cochrane database of systematic reviews 2010, issue 12. art. no.: cd006581. chu lf, clinical anesthesiology board review(2005, mcgraw-hill medical). malamed sf,handbook of local anesthesiology(5th ed. 2004, elsevier mosby). miller rd, miller's anesthesia (6th ed. 2004). stoelting rk, miller rd,basics of anesthesia(5th ed. 2007, churchill livingstone el

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

mylan institutional llc - sodium phenylacetate (unii: 48n6u1781g) (phenylacetic acid - unii:er5i1w795a), sodium benzoate (unii: oj245fe5eu) (benzoic acid - unii:8skn0b0mim) - sodium phenylacetate 100 mg in 1 ml - sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection is indicated as adjunctive therapy in pediatric and adult patients for the treatment of acute hyperammonemia and associated encephalopathy in patients with deficiencies in enzymes of the urea cycle. during acute hyperammonemic episodes, arginine supplementation, caloric supplementation, dietary protein restriction, hemodialysis, and other ammonia lowering therapies should be considered [see warnings and precautions (5) ]. none. available data with sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection use in pregnant women are insufficient to identify a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection. the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. all pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4%, and 15 to 20%, respectively. there are no data on the presence of sodium phenylacetate, sodium benzoate in either human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection or from the underlying maternal condition. sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection has been used as a treatment for acute hyperammonemia in pediatric patients including patients in the early neonatal period [see dosage and administration (2) ]. clinical studies of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection did not include any patients aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. urea cycle disorders are presently diseases of the pediatric and younger adult populations. no pharmacokinetic studies of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection have been performed in geriatric patients. in general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and concomitant disease or other drug therapy in this patient population. pharmacokinetic parameters of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection were compared in healthy males and females. bioavailability of both benzoate and phenylacetate was slightly higher in females than in males. however, conclusions cannot be drawn due to the limited number of subjects in this study. limited information is available on the metabolism and excretion of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate in patients with impaired hepatic function. however, metabolic conjugation of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate is known to take place in the liver and kidney. therefore, caution should be used in administering sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection to patients with hepatic insufficiency. the drug metabolites of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection (phenylacetylglutamine and hippurate) and subsequently ammonia are primarily excreted by the kidney. therefore, use caution and closely monitor patients with impaired renal function who receive sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection.

Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ - անգլերեն - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

par pharmaceutical, inc. - sodium phenylbutyrate (unii: nt6k61736t) (phenylbutyric acid - unii:7wy7ybi87e) - sodium phenylbutyrate 0.94 g in 1 g - sodium phenylbutyrate powder is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the chronic management of patients with urea cycle disorders involving deficiencies of carbamylphosphate synthetase (cps), ornithine transcarbamylase (otc), or argininosuccinic acid synthetase (as). it is indicated in all patients with neonatal-onset deficiency (complete enzymatic deficiency, presenting within the first 28 days of life). it is also indicated in patients with late-onset disease (partial enzymatic deficiency, presenting after the first month of life) who have a history of hyperammonemic encephalopathy. it is important that the diagnosis be made early and treatment initiated immediately to improve survival. any episode of acute hyperammonemia should be treated as a life-threatening emergency. sodium phenylbutyrate powder must be combined with dietary protein restriction and, in some cases, essential amino acid supplementation. (see nutritional supplementation subsection of the dosage and administration section.) previously, neona