Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

hameln pharma gmbh - pentetate zinc trisodium (unii: nxu65ic8pg) (pentetic acid - unii:7a314hqm0i) - pentetate zinc trisodium 1000 mg in 5 ml - zn-dtpa is indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. none. pregnancy category b risk summary there are no adequate and well-controlled studies of zn-dtpa use in pregnant women. chelation treatment of pregnant women should begin and continue with zn-dtpa. reproduction studies have been performed in pregnant mice at doses up to 31 times (11.5 mmol/kg) the recommended daily human dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to zn-dtpa. there was a slight reduction in the average birth weight. because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. it is not known whether zn-dtpa is excreted in human milk. radiocontaminants are known to be excreted in breast milk. women with known or suspected internal contamination with radiocontaminants should not breast feed, whether

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

camber pharmaceuticals inc. - methylphenidate hydrochloride (unii: 4b3sc438hi) (methylphenidate - unii:207zz9qz49) - methylphenidate hydrochloride 2.5 mg - attention deficit disorders, narcolepsy attention deficit disorders (previously known as minimal brain dysfunction in children). other terms being used to describe the behavioral syndrome below include: hyperkinetic child syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal cerebral dysfunction, minor cerebral dysfunction. methylphenidate hydrochloride chewable tablets are indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program which typically includes other remedial measures (psychological, educational, social) for a stabilizing effect in children with a behavioral syndrome characterized by the following group of developmentally inappropriate symptoms: moderate-to-severe distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotional lability, and impulsivity. the diagnosis of this syndrome should not be made with finality when these symptoms are only of comparatively recent origin. nonlocalizing (soft) neurological signs, learning disability, and abnormal eeg may or may not be present, and a diagnosis of central

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

nucare pharmaceuticals,inc. - paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (unii: x2els050d8) (paroxetine - unii:41vrh5220h) - paroxetine 30 mg - major depressive disorder: paroxetine tablets, usp are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder.   the efficacy of paroxetine in the treatment of a major depressive episode was established in 6-week controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnoses corresponded most closely to the dsm-iii category of major depressive disorder (see clinical pharmacology: clinical trials). a major depressive episode implies a prominent and relatively persistent depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks); it should include at least 4 of the following 8 symptoms: change in appetite, change in sleep, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of interest in usual activities or decrease in sexual drive, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, and a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. the effects of paroxetine in hospitalized depressed patients have not been adequately studied

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

rising pharmaceuticals, inc - protriptyline hydrochloride (unii: 44665v00o8) (protriptyline - unii:4ndu154t12) - protriptyline hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of symptoms of mental depression in patients who are under close medical supervision. its activating properties make it particularly suitable for withdrawn and anergic patients. protriptyline hydrochloride tablets are contraindicated in patients who have shown prior hypersensitivity to it. it should not be given concomitantly with a monoamine oxidase inhibiting compound. hyperpyretic crises, severe convulsions, and deaths have occurred in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressant and monoamine oxidase inhibiting drugs simultaneously. when it is desired to substitute protriptyline for a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, a minimum of 14 days should be allowed to elapse after the latter is discontinued. protriptyline should then be initiated cautiously with gradual increase in dosage until optimum response is achieved. protriptyline is contraindicated in patients taking cisapride because of the possibility of adverse cardiac interaction

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

nucare pharmaceuticals,inc. - paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (unii: x2els050d8) (paroxetine - unii:41vrh5220h) - major depressive disorder: paroxetine tablets, usp are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder.   the efficacy of paroxetine in the treatment of a major depressive episode was established in 6-week controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnoses corresponded most closely to the dsm-iii category of major depressive disorder (see clinical pharmacology: clinical trials). a major depressive episode implies a prominent and relatively persistent depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks); it should include at least 4 of the following 8 symptoms: change in appetite, change in sleep, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of interest in usual activities or decrease in sexual drive, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, and a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. the effects of paroxetine in hospitalized depressed patients have not been adequately studied

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

preferred pharmaceuticals inc. - mirtazapine (unii: a051q2099q) (mirtazapine - unii:a051q2099q) - mirtazapine tablets are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder.   the efficacy of mirtazapine tablets in the treatment of major depressive disorder was established in 6-week controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnoses corresponded most closely to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders – 3rd edition (dsm-iii) category of major depressive disorder (see clinical pharmacology ).  a major depressive episode (dsm-iv) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt, or suicidal ideation.  the effectiveness of mirtazapine tablets in

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

nucare pharmaceuticals,inc. - citalopram hydrobromide (unii: i1e9d14f36) (citalopram - unii:0dhu5b8d6v) - citalopram tablets, usp are indicated for the treatment of depression. the efficacy of citalopram in the treatment of depression was established in 4 to 6 week; controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnosis corresponded most closely to the dsm-iii and dsm-iii-r category of major depressive disorder (see clinical pharmacology ). a major depressive episode (dsm-iv) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. the antidepressant action of citalopram tablets, usp in hospitalized depressed patients has not been adequately studied. the efficacy

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

preferred pharmaceuticals inc. - clonazepam (unii: 5pe9fde8gb) (clonazepam - unii:5pe9fde8gb) - clonazepam tablets are useful alone or as an adjunct in the treatment of the lennox-gastaut syndrome (petit mal variant), akinetic, and myoclonic seizures. in patients with absence seizures (petit mal) who have failed to respond to succinimides, clonazepam tablets may be useful. some loss of effect may occur during the course of clonazepam treatment (see precautions: loss of effect ). clonazepam tablets are indicated for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia, as defined in dsm-v. panic disorder is characterized by the occurrence of unexpected panic attacks and associated concern about having additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks, and/or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks. the efficacy of clonazepam tablets was established in two 6- to 9-week trials in panic disorder patients whose diagnoses corresponded to the dsm-iiir category of panic disorder (see clinical pharmacology:clinical trials) . panic disorder (dsm-v) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, i.e., a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which four (or more) of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: (1) palpitations, pounding heart or accelerated heart rate; (2) sweating; (3) trembling or shaking; (4) sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; (5) feeling of choking; (6) chest pain or discomfort; (7) nausea or abdominal distress; (8) feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded or faint; (9) derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself); (10) fear of losing control; (11) fear of dying; (12) paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations); (13) chills or hot flushes. the effectiveness of clonazepam tablets in long-term use, that is, for more than 9 weeks, has not been systematically studied in controlled clinical trials. the physician who elects to use clonazepam tablets for extended periods should periodically reevaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see dosage and administration). clonazepam tablets are contraindicated in patients with the following conditions: controlled substance: clonazepam tablets contains clonazepam, a schedule iv controlled substance. abuse: clonazepam tablets are a benzodiazepine and a cns depressant with a potential for abuse and addiction. abuse is the intentional, non-therapeutic use of a drug, even once, for its desirable psychological or physiological effects. misuse is the intentional use, for therapeutic purposes, of a drug by an individual in a way other than prescribed by a health care provider or for whom it was not prescribed. drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that may include a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling drug use (e.g., continuing drug use despite harmful consequences, giving a higher priority to drug use than other activities and obligations), and possible tolerance or physical dependence. even taking benzodiazepines as prescribed may put patients at risk for abuse and misuse of their medication. abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines may lead to addiction. abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines often (but not always) involve the use of doses greater than the maximum recommended dosage and commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes, including respiratory depression, overdose, or death. benzodiazepines are often sought by individuals who abuse drugs and other substances, and by individuals with addictive disorders (see warnings: abuse, misuse, and addiction ). the following adverse reactions have occurred with benzodiazepine abuse and/or misuse: abdominal pain, amnesia, anorexia, anxiety, aggression, ataxia, blurred vision, confusion, depression, disinhibition, disorientation, dizziness, euphoria, impaired concentration and memory, indigestion, irritability, muscle pain, slurred speech, tremors, and vertigo. the following severe adverse reactions have occurred with benzodiazepine abuse and/or misuse: delirium, paranoia, suicidal ideation and behavior, seizures, coma, breathing difficulty, and death. death is more often associated with polysubstance use (especially benzodiazepines with other cns depressants such as opioids and alcohol). dependence: physical dependence: clonazepam tablets may produce physical dependence from continued therapy. physical dependence is a state that develops as a result of physiological adaptation in response to repeated drug use, manifested by withdrawal signs and symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dose reduction of a drug. abrupt discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction of benzodiazepines or administration of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist, may precipitate acute withdrawal reactions, including seizures, which can be life-threatening. patients at an increased risk of withdrawal adverse reactions after benzodiazepine discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction include those who take higher dosages (i.e., higher and/or more frequent doses) and those who have had longer durations of use (see warnings: dependence and withdrawal reactions ). to reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue clonazepam tablets or reduce the dosage (see dosage and administration: discontinuation or dosage reduction of clonazepam tablets and warnings: dependence and withdrawal reactions ). acute withdrawal signs and symptoms acute withdrawal signs and symptoms associated with benzodiazepines have included abnormal involuntary movements, anxiety, blurred vision, depersonalization, depression, derealization, dizziness, fatigue, gastrointestinal adverse reactions (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, decreased appetite), headache, hyperacusis, hypertension, irritability, insomnia, memory impairment, muscle pain and stiffness, panic attacks, photophobia, restlessness, tachycardia, and tremor. more severe acute withdrawal signs and symptoms, including life-threatening reactions, have included catatonia, convulsions, delirium tremens, depression, hallucinations, mania, psychosis, seizures, and suicidality. protracted withdrawal syndrome protracted withdrawal syndrome associated with benzodiazepines is characterized by anxiety, cognitive impairment, depression, insomnia, formication, motor symptoms (e.g., weakness, tremor, muscle twitches), paresthesia, and tinnitus that persists beyond 4 to 6 weeks after initial benzodiazepine withdrawal. protracted withdrawal symptoms may last weeks to more than 12 months. as a result, there may be difficulty in differentiating withdrawal symptoms from potential re-emergence or continuation of symptoms for which the benzodiazepine was being used. tolerance tolerance to clonazepam tablets may develop from continued therapy. tolerance is a physiological state characterized by a reduced response to a drug after repeated administration (i.e., a higher dose of a drug is required to produce the same effect that was once obtained at a lower dose). tolerance to the therapeutic effect of clonazepam tablets may develop; however, little tolerance develops to the amnestic reactions and other cognitive impairments caused by benzodiazepines. following the short-term treatment of patients with panic disorder in studies 1 and 2 (see clinical pharmacology: clinical trials ), patients were gradually withdrawn during a 7-week downward-titration (discontinuance) period. overall, the discontinuance period was associated with good tolerability and a very modest clinical deterioration, without evidence of a significant rebound phenomenon. however, there are not sufficient data from adequate and well-controlled long-term clonazepam studies in patients with panic disorder to accurately estimate the risks of withdrawal symptoms and dependence that may be associated with such use.

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

preferred pharmaceuticals inc. - carbamazepine (unii: 33cm23913m) (carbamazepine - unii:33cm23913m) - carbamazepine tablets are indicated for use as an anticonvulsant drug. evidence supporting efficacy of carbamazepine as an anticonvulsant was derived from active drug-controlled studies that enrolled patients with the following seizure types: 1. partial seizures with complex symptomatology (psychomotor, temporal lobe). patients with these seizures appear to show greater improvement than those with other types.   2. generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal).   3. mixed seizure patterns which include the above, or other partial or generalized seizures. absence seizures (petit mal) do not appear to be controlled by carbamazepine (see precautions, general). carbamazepine tablets are indicated in the treatment of the pain associated with true trigeminal neuralgia. beneficial results have also been reported in glossopharyngeal neuralgia. this drug is not a simple analgesic and should not be used for the relief of trivial aches or pains. carbamazepine should not be used in patients with a history of previous bone marrow depression, hypersensitivity to the drug, or known sensitivity to any of the tricyclic compounds, such as amitriptyline, desipramine, imipramine, protriptyline, nortriptyline, etc. likewise, on theoretical grounds its use with monoamine oxidase (mao) inhibitors is not recommended. before administration of carbamazepine, mao inhibitors should be discontinued for a minimum of 14 days, or longer if the clinical situation permits. coadministration of carbamazepine and nefazodone may result in insufficient plasma concentrations of nefazodone and its active metabolite to achieve a therapeutic effect. coadministration of carbamazepine with nefazodone is contraindicated. no evidence of abuse potential has been associated with carbamazepine, nor is there evidence of psychological or physical dependence in humans.

Ameerika Ühendriigid - inglise - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

nucare pharmaceuticals,inc. - indomethacin (unii: xxe1cet956) (indomethacin - unii:xxe1cet956) - carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of indomethacin extended-release capsules and other treatment options before deciding to use indomethacin extended-release capsules. use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals (see warnings ). indomethacin extended-release capsules have been found effective in active stages of the following: 1. moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease. 2. moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis. 3. moderate to severe osteoarthritis. 4. acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis). indomethacin extended-release capsules, usp are not recommended for the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. indomethacin may enable the reduction of steroid dosage in patients receiving steroids for the more severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis. in such instances the steroid dosage should be reduced