মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

b. braun medical inc. - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (unii: sk47b8698t) (magnesium cation - unii:t6v3lhy838) - magnesium sulfate in water for injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. when used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. however, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. intravenous magnesium should not be given to mothers with toxemia of pregnancy during the two hours preceding delivery.

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

sun pharmaceutical industries, inc. - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (unii: sk47b8698t) (magnesium cation - unii:t6v3lhy838) - magnesium sulfate in water for injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. when used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. however, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. intravenous magnesium should not be given to mothers with toxemia of pregnancy during the two hours preceding delivery.

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

athenex pharmaceutical division, llc. - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (unii: sk47b8698t) (magnesium cation - unii:t6v3lhy838) - magnesium sulfate in water for injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. when used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. however, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. intravenous magnesium should not be given to mothers with toxemia of pregnancy during the two hours preceding delivery.

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

henry schein, inc. - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (unii: sk47b8698t) (magnesium cation - unii:t6v3lhy838) - magnesium sulfate injection, usp is suitable for replacement therapy in magnesium deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those observed in hypocalcemia.  in such cases, the serum magnesium level is usually below the lower limit of normal (1.5 to 2.5 meq/l) and the serum calcium level is normal (4.3 to 5.3 meq/l) or elevated. in total parenteral nutrition (tpn), magnesium sulfate may be added to the nutrient admixture to correct or prevent hypomagnesemia which can arise during the course of therapy. magnesium sulfate injection is also indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. parenteral administration of the drug is contraindicated in patients with heart block or myocardial damage.

আয়ার্লণ্ড - ইংরেজি - HPRA (Health Products Regulatory Authority)

aurum pharmaceutical limited - magnesium sulphate heptahydrate - solution for injection and concentrate for infusion - 50 percent weight/volume - electrolyte solutions; magnesium sulfate

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

x-gen pharmaceuticals, inc. - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (unii: sk47b8698t) (magnesium cation - unii:t6v3lhy838) - magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 500 mg in 1 ml

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

american health packaging - quinine sulfate (unii: kf7z0e0q2b) (quinine - unii:a7v27phc7a) - quinine sulfate 324 mg - quinine sulfate capsules are an antimalarial drug indicated only for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria. quinine sulfate has been shown to be effective in geographical regions where resistance to chloroquine has been documented [see clinical studies (14)]. limitations of use: quinine sulfate oral capsules are not approved for: - treatment of severe or complicated p. falciparum malaria. - prevention of malaria. - treatment or prevention of nocturnal leg cramps [see warnings and precautions (5.1)]. quinine sulfate capsules are contraindicated in patients with the following: - prolonged qt interval. one case of a fatal ventricular arrhythmia was reported in an elderly patient with a prolonged qt interval at baseline, who received quinine sulfate intravenously for p. falciparum malaria [see warnings and precautions (5.4)]. - known hypersensitivity reactions to quinine. these include, but are not limited to, the following [see warnings and p

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

sun pharmaceutical industries, inc. - quinine sulfate (unii: kf7z0e0q2b) (quinine - unii:a7v27phc7a) - quinine sulfate 324 mg - quinine sulfate capsules are an antimalarial drug indicated only for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria. quinine sulfate has been shown to be effective in geographical regions where resistance to chloroquine has been documented [see clinical studies (14) ]. limitations of use: quinine sulfate oral capsules are not approved for: quinine sulfate capsules are contraindicated in patients with the following: risk summary prolonged experience with quinine in pregnant women over several decades, based on published prospective and retrospective observational studies, surveys, safety and efficacy studies, review articles, case reports and case series have not identified a drug associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see data) . in animal reproduction studies, administration of quinine by multiple routes of administration to pregnant rabbits, dogs, guinea pigs, rats, and monkeys during the period of organogenesis at doses of 0.25 to 2 times the m

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

amneal pharmaceuticals llc - quinine sulfate (unii: kf7z0e0q2b) (quinine - unii:a7v27phc7a) - quinine sulfate 324 mg - quinine sulfate is an antimalarial drug indicated only for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria. quinine sulfate has been shown to be effective in geographical regions where resistance to chloroquine has been documented [see clinical studies (14)] . limitations of use: quinine sulfate capsules are not approved for: - treatment of severe or complicated p. falciparum malaria. - prevention of malaria. - treatment or prevention of nocturnal leg cramps [see warnings and precautions (5.1)] . quinine sulfate capsules are contraindicated in patients with the following: - prolonged qt interval. one case of a fatal ventricular arrhythmia was reported in an elderly patient with a prolonged qt interval at baseline, who received quinine sulfate intravenously for p. falciparum malaria [see warnings and precautions (5.4)] . - known hypersensitivity reactions to quinine. these include, but are not limited to, the following [see warnings and precautions (5.7)] : thrombocytopenia idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (itp) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) blackwater fever (acute intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and hemoglobinemia) - thrombocytopenia - idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (itp) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) - hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) - blackwater fever (acute intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and hemoglobinemia) - known hypersensitivity to mefloquine or quinidine: cross-sensitivity to quinine has been documented [see warnings and precautions (5.7)] . - myasthenia gravis. quinine has neuromuscular blocking activity, and may exacerbate muscle weakness. - optic neuritis. quinine may exacerbate active optic neuritis [see adverse reactions (6.1)] . risk summary prolonged experience with quinine in pregnant women over several decades, based on published prospective and retrospective observational studies, surveys, safety and efficacy studies, review articles, case reports and case series have not identified a drug associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see data) . in animal reproduction studies, administration of quinine by multiple routes of administration to pregnant rabbits, dogs, guinea pigs, rats, and monkeys during the period of organogenesis at doses of 0.25 to 2 times the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) based on body surface area (bsa), produced embryo-fetal toxicity including malformations. offspring of pregnant rats administered oral quinine sulfate during mating, gestation, and lactation at a dose approximately equivalent to 0.1 times the mrhd based on bsa comparison experienced impaired growth and delayed physical development (see data) . the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. all pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. in the u.s. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. clinical considerations disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk malaria during and after pregnancy increases the risk for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, including maternal anemia, severe malaria, spontaneous abortion, stillbirths, preterm delivery, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital malaria, and maternal and neonatal mortality. maternal adverse reactions an increased incidence of hypoglycemia, due to increased pancreatic secretion of insulin, has been reported with quinine use, in pregnant women, especially during the third trimester1 . monitor glucose levels in pregnant woman taking quinine. tinnitus, vomiting, dizziness, and nausea are commonly reported adverse reactions in pregnant women taking quinine. pregnant women are also at risk for a rare triad of complications: massive hemolysis, hemoglobinemia, and hemoglobinuria2 . labor or delivery in doses several times higher than those used to treat malaria, quinine may cause uterine contractions; however, there is no evidence that quinine causes uterine contractions at the doses recommended for the treatment of malaria. data human data quinine crosses the placenta with measurable blood concentrations in the fetus. in 8 women who delivered live infants 1 to 6 days after starting quinine therapy, umbilical cord plasma quinine concentrations were between 1.0 and 4.6 mg/l (mean 2.4 mg/l) and the mean (±sd) ratio of cord plasma to maternal plasma quinine concentrations was 0.32 ± 0.14. quinine levels in the fetus may not be therapeutic. adverse outcomes have been identified in the post-marketing experience with quinine during pregnancy. because these outcomes are reported from varied data sources and have inconsistent findings and/or important methodological limitations, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. in studies in which more than 893 pregnant women were treated with quinine for malaria in the first trimester, no quinine-associated increases in the incidence of congenital anomalies were observed compared with other antimalarial drugs3 . a retrospective study of women with p. falciparum malaria who were treated with oral quinine sulfate 10 mg/kg 3 times daily for 7 days at any time in pregnancy reported no significant difference in the rate of stillbirths at > 28 weeks of gestation in women treated with quinine (10 of 633 women [1.6%]) as compared with a control group without malaria or exposure to antimalarial drugs during pregnancy (40 of 2201 women [1.8%]). the overall rate of congenital malformations (9 of 633 offspring [1.4%]) was not different for women who were treated with quinine sulfate compared with the control group (38 of 2201 offspring [1.7%]). the spontaneous abortion rate was higher in the control group (10.9%) than in women treated with quinine sulfate (3.5%) [or = 3.1; 95% ci 2.1 to 4.7]. an epidemiologic survey that included 104 mother-child pairs exposed to quinine during the first 4 months of pregnancy, found no increased risk of structural birth defects was seen (2 fetal malformations [1.9%]). case reports describe deafness and optic nerve hypoplasia in children exposed in utero due to maternal ingestion of high doses of quinine. animal data in animal developmental studies conducted in multiple animal species4 , pregnant animals received quinine by the subcutaneous, intramuscular, and oral routes at doses 0.25 to 2 times the maximum recommended human dose (mrhd) based on body surface area (bsa). increases in fetal death were observed in utero in pregnant rabbits at maternal doses ≥ 100 mg/kg/day and in pregnant dogs at ≥ 15 mg/kg/day corresponding to dose levels approximately 0.5 and 0.25 times the mrhd respectively based on bsa comparisons. rabbit offspring had increased rates of degenerated auditory nerve and spiral ganglion and increased rates of cns anomalies such as anencephaly and microcephaly at a dose of 130 mg/kg/day corresponding to a maternal dose approximately 1.3 times the mrhd based on bsa comparison. guinea pig offspring had increased rates of cochlear hemorrhage at maternal doses of 200 mg/kg corresponding to a dose level of approximately 1.4 times the mrhd based on bsa comparison. no fetal malformations were observed in rats at maternal doses up to 300 mg/kg/day and in monkeys at maternal doses up to 200 mg/kg/day corresponding to doses approximately 1 and 2 times the mrhd respectively based on bsa comparisons. in a pre-postnatal study, pregnant rats received quinine sulfate in feed beginning two weeks prior to mating, through gestation, and lactation. an estimated oral dose of quinine sulfate of 20 mg/kg/day corresponding to approximately 0.1 times the mrhd based on bsa comparison resulted in offspring with impaired growth, lower body weights at birth and during the lactation period, and delayed physical development of teeth eruption and eye opening during the lactation period. risk summary quinine is present in human milk. it is estimated that breastfed infants would receive less than 2 to 3 mg per day of quinine base (< 0.4% of the maternal dose) via breast milk (see data) . there are no data on the effects of quinine on the breastfed infant or the effects on milk production. the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for quinine sulfate and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from quinine sulfate or from the underlying maternal condition. data no toxicity was reported in infants in a single study where oral quinine sulfate (10 mg/kg every 8 hours for 1 to 10 days) was administered to 25 lactating women. quinine concentrations in breast milk are approximately 31% of quinine concentrations in maternal plasma. infertility in a published study5 in 5 men receiving oral tablets of 600 mg quinine three times a day for one week, sperm motility was decreased and percent sperm with abnormal morphology was increased, but sperm count and serum testosterone were unaffected. based on findings from animal studies, quinine sulfate may impair fertility [see nonclinical toxicology (13.1)] . the safety and efficacy of quinine sulfate in pediatric patients under the age of 16 has not been established. clinical studies of quinine sulfate did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond to treatment differently from younger subjects. other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. clearance of quinine is decreased in patients with severe chronic renal failure. the dosage and dosing frequency should be reduced [see dosage and administration (2.2) and clinical pharmacology (12.3)] . in patients with severe hepatic impairment (child-pugh c), quinine oral clearance (cl/f) is decreased, volume of distribution (vd /f) is increased, and half-life is prolonged, relative to subjects with normal liver function. therefore, quinine is not indicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment and alternate therapy should be administered [see dosage and administration (2.3) and clinical pharmacology (12.3)] . close monitoring is recommended for patients with mild (child-pugh a) or moderate (child-pugh b) hepatic impairment, as exposure to quinine may be increased relative to subjects with normal liver function [see clinical pharmacology (12.3)] .

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র - ইংরেজি - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

teva pharmaceuticals usa, inc. - quinine sulfate (unii: kf7z0e0q2b) (quinine - unii:a7v27phc7a) - quinine sulfate 324 mg - quinine sulfate capsules are an antimalarial drug indicated only for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria. quinine sulfate has been shown to be effective in geographical regions where resistance to chloroquine has been documented [see clinical studies (14) ]. limitations of use: quinine sulfate capsules are not approved for: - treatment of severe or complicated p. falciparum malaria. - prevention of malaria. - treatment or prevention of nocturnal leg cramps [see warnings and precautions (5.1) ]. quinine sulfate capsules are contraindicated in patients with the following: - prolonged qt interval. one case of a fatal ventricular arrhythmia was reported in an elderly patient with a prolonged qt interval at baseline, who received quinine sulfate intravenously for p. falciparum malaria [see warnings and precautions (5.4) ]. - known hypersensitivity reactions to quinine. these include, but are not limited to, the following [see warnings and precautions (5.7) ]: thrombocytopenia idiopathic