দেশ: দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকা
ভাষা: ইংরেজি
সূত্র: South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA)
Janssen
NIZORAL® 200 mg tablet SCHEDULING STATUS Schedule 4. PROPRIETARY NAME (and dosage form) NIZORAL ® 200 mg tablet COMPOSITION Each tablet contains ketoconazole 200 mg. PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION A.20.2.2 Antimicrobial (chemotherapeutic) agents. Fungicides. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION NIZORAL is a synthetic imidazole dioxolane derivative, active in vitro against dermatophytes, yeasts and other pathogenic fungi. Invitro NIZORAL is fungicidal and, therefore, suppresses the formation of mycelia. In vivo, at therapeutic levels however, it is primarily fungistatic. NIZORAL acts in the case of C. albicans by inhibiting lanosterol demethylation in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, resulting in cell membrane defects. Mean peak plasma levels of approximately 3,5 micrograms/mL are reached within 1 to 2 hours, following oral administration of a single 200 mg dose taken with a meal. Subsequent plasma elimination is biphasic with a rapid elimination phase with a half-life of 2 hours followed by a slower elimination phase with a half-life of 8 hours. Following absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract, ketoconazole is converted into several inactive metabolites. The major identified metabolic pathways appear to be oxidation and degradation of the imidazole and piperazine rings, oxidative O-dealkylation and aromatic hydroxylation. Concentrations of active drug in the urine is very low. The major route of excretion is through the bile into the faeces. In vitro, the plasma protein binding is about 99% mainly to the albumin fraction. Only a negligible proportion of ketoconazole reaches the cerebral-spinal fluid. Ketoconazole is a weak dibasic agent and thus requires acidity for dissolution and absorption. INDICATIONS Treatment of superficial and deep mycoses: - Systemic mycotic infections such as system সম্পূর্ণ নথি পড়ুন